前、后轴双电动机驱动电动车的平顺性分析与优化  

Analysis and optimization of ride comfort for electric vehicle driven by double motor with front and rear shafts

作　　者：田韶鹏 赵国强[1,2] 任文琪 杨灿 赵尚义 TIAN Shaopeng;ZHAO Guoqiang;REN Wenqi;YANG Can;ZHAO Shangyi(Foshan Branch of Guangdong Provincial Laboratory for Advanced Energy Science and Technology(Foshan Xianhu Laboratory),Foshan,Guangdong 528200,China;School of Automotive Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China;Liuzhou Wuling Automobile Industry Co.,Ltd.,Liuzhou,Guangxi 545000,China)

机构地区：[1]先进能源科学与技术广东省实验室佛山分中心(佛山仙湖实验室),广东佛山528200 [2]武汉理工大学汽车工程学院,湖北武汉430070 [3]柳州五菱汽车工业有限公司,广西柳州545000

出　　处：《江苏大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期505-510,共6页Journal of Jiangsu University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：先进能源科学与技术广东省实验室佛山分中心(佛山仙湖实验室)开放基金资助项目(XHD2020-003)。

摘　　要：为了评价汽车的平顺性,以某款前、后轴双电动机驱动电动车为研究对象,在考虑其4个车轮的垂直自由度、驾驶员与座椅的垂向运动以及车身的垂向运动、俯仰运动、侧倾运动的情况下,基于MATLAB/Simulink软件,建立了前、后轴双电动机驱动电动车的8自由度动力学模型.在C级路面白噪声激励输入下,分别对车身的质心加速度、侧倾加速度、俯仰加速度和车身俯仰角以及座椅加速度进行了仿真分析.使用粒子群算法对系统参数进行优化设计,得出优化后的最优前、后悬架刚度以及最优前、后悬架阻尼系数,并对优化后的模型进行仿真验证.结果表明:优化后的前、后轴双电动机驱动电动车平顺性得到了改善,优化后座椅处的加权加速度均方根值有显著减小,理论最优值仅为优化前的43.8%,在舒适界限内;脚部和背靠处的加权加速度均方根值也有不同程度的减小,理论最优值分别为优化前的42.1%、44.0%.To evaluate the ride comfort of vehicle,the 8-degree-of-freedom dynamic model of the double-motor-driven electric vehicle with front and rear axles was established based on MATLAB/Simulink software with considering the vertical degrees of freedom of four wheels,the vertical movement of driver and seat and the vertical movement of body,the pitching movement,the roll movement.With the excitation input of white noise of grade C pavement,the acceleration speeds of center of mass,roll,pitch and seat of the body were simulated and analyzed respectively.Particle swarm optimization(PSO)was used to optimize the system parameters,and the optimized front and rear suspension stiffness and damping coefficient were obtained.The simulation validation of the optimized model shows that the ride comfort of the electric vehicle driven by front and rear axle dual motors is improved,and the root mean square value of the weighted acceleration at the optimized seat is significantly reduced.The theoretical optimum value is only 43.8%of that before the optimization,which is within the comfort limit.The mean square root values of the weighted acceleration at the foot and back are also reduced to some extent,and the theoretical optimum values are 42.1%and 44.0%of those before optimization,respectively.

关 键 词：电动车 动力学模型 SIMULINK仿真 平顺性分析 加权加速度 粒子群优化 

分 类 号：U461.4[机械工程—车辆工程]