电炉粉尘含碳球团熔态还原特性及其机理  

Melting state reduction characteristics and mechanism of carbon-containing pellets from electric furnace dust

作　　者：都日苏拉 王哲 郭占成 Durisua;WANG Zhe;GUO Zhancheng(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学钢铁冶金新技术国家重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《江西冶金》2023年第4期273-280,351,共9页Jiangxi Metallurgy

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFC1905701)。

摘　　要：炼钢过程中产生的电炉粉尘属于有害固体废弃物,同时含有较多的铁、锌等有价元素。目前,钢厂处理电炉粉尘普遍存在脱锌率低、二次粉尘利用率不高等问题。对电炉粉尘含碳球团进行熔融还原实验,主要考察了熔炼温度,熔炼时间和熔渣成分对锌脱除率和渣金分离效果的影响。结果表明,提高熔炼温度、延长熔炼时间均有利于熔融过程中的锌的挥发和铁液滴的凝聚,从而促进渣金分离;熔渣碱度在1.2~1.8时,脱锌率变化趋势平稳,对渣金分离效果影响较小。根据实验结果确定了较优工艺参数:还原温度1 550℃、碳氧比(C/O,摩尔比)为1.0、还原时间10~20 min、熔渣碱度1.2,该条件下脱锌率可达99.9%以上,渣金两相分离完全。Electric furnace dust from iron and steel plants is a kind of harmful solid waste and an important resource for obtaining iron and zinc as well.At present,there still exist some problems in the treating process of electric furnace dust in steel plants,such as the low dezincification ratio of zinc and insufficient utilization of secondary dust.In this paper,smelting reduction technology was used to smelt carbon-containing pellets of electric furnace dust.The role of smelting temperature,smelting time and slag composition on the dezincification ratio and slag-metal separation was investigated.The results show that increasing smelting temperature and time is beneficial to the volatilization of zinc and the condensation of iron droplets during the melting process,thus promoting the separation of slag and metal.The dezincification ratio is stable when the slag alkalinity is 1.2 to 1.8,which has little influence on the separation effect of slag and metal.The results also show that the optimum process parameters were reduction temperature of 1550℃,the ratio of carbon to oxygen of 1.0,reduction time of 10-20 min,slag alkalinity of 1.2.the dezincification rate above 99.9%,and the slag phase and metal phase are completely separated.

关 键 词：电炉粉尘 熔态还原 锌脱除率 渣金分离 

分 类 号：TF09[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]