第五种国际罪行?--“生态灭绝”的理论溯源与立法回应  

The Fifth International Crime?--Theoretical Source and Legislative Response of“Ecocide”

作　　者：傅子洛 刘丹[1] FU Ziluo;LIU Dan(Shanghai Jiao Tong University)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学凯原法学院,上海200030

出　　处：《边界与海洋研究》2023年第4期25-47,共23页Journal of Boundary and Ocean Studies

基　　金：南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海)资助项目(SML2020SP005);上海市哲社规划一般项目《“21世纪海上丝绸之路”倡议下我国维护海上通道的法律保障研究》(项目编号2018BFX012)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：气候危机下,小岛国持续推动全球气候治理的司法化变革,并成为“生态灭绝”入刑的重要推动者。“生态灭绝”这一概念经过五十多年的发展演变,如今指一项独立的国际环境罪行。“生态灭绝”入刑运动则以修订《罗马规约》为主要目标,期望将“生态灭绝”罪确立为“第五种国际罪行”。历史经验及国际刑事法院的立场表明,该目标能否实现取决于《罗马规约》缔约国间能否达成修法共识。目前,“生态灭绝”入刑运动的前景仍不明朗,但已经影响了许多国家和地区的立法。同时,该运动也为我国生态文明建设提供了一些值得深思的启示。Under the climate crisis,Small Island States continuously push for the judicialization of the global climate governance,and become an important promoter of the“ecocide”criminalization movement.After more than 50 years of evolution,the concept of“ecocide”now refers to an independent international environmental crime.Therefore,the current“ecocide”criminalization movement is aimed to amend the Rome Statute to establish a“Fifth International Crime”.However,historical experience and analysis of the position of International Criminal Court suggest that the realization of this proposition depends on whether a consensus can be reached among the States parties to the Rome Statute.At present,the future of“ecocide”criminalization movement is still unclear,but it has already influenced the legislation and practice of several countries and regions.At the same time,the movement also provides enlightenment for China to promote the construction of Ecological Civilization.

关 键 词：生态灭绝 气候变化 国际刑事法院 

分 类 号：D997.9[政治法律—刑法学] D993.5[政治法律—国际法学]