印度洋格局中的迪戈加西亚问题:战略影响与未来发展  

Diego Garcia in Indian Ocean:Strategic Impact and Future Scenario

作　　者：曾祥裕 ZENG Xiangyu(Sichuan University)

机构地区：[1]教育部人文社科重点研究基地四川大学南亚研究所,四川成都610065

出　　处：《边界与海洋研究》2023年第4期107-128,共22页Journal of Boundary and Ocean Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“‘印太战略’背景下中国—南亚安全关系变化研究”(22JJD810025)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：位于中印度洋的迪戈加西亚是印度洋安全格局中的枢纽之地,也是美国印度洋战略的重要节点。英美大力经营迪戈加西亚军事基地,已将其建设为强大的军力部署平台、美军安全行动的有力支点以及印度洋大国博弈的枢纽。各利益相关方围绕迪戈加西亚激烈博弈,推动迪戈加西亚问题进一步复杂化。围绕迪戈加西亚问题至少有四大争议,分别涉及主权归属、查戈斯人返回与安置、英美军事基地与军事部署未来前景和环境与生态问题。迪戈加西亚问题在中长期也构成对华战略牵制,主要体现为强大军事存在所构成的战略威慑作用,以迪戈加西亚为跳板大幅提升制华多边海上合作,以及以此为节点构筑地区海域态势感知网络并监控中国军民舰船等三方面。中国应继续坚持反殖立场并支持毛里求斯恢复查戈斯群岛主权,同时为英美军力长期驻扎迪戈加西亚做好必要的政治与外交准备,还要密切关注并适时反制美方主导的排他性海域态势感知体系。Diego Garcia is an important node for the Indian Ocean strategy of the United States.Britain and the United States have developed the large-scale military base in Diego Garcia into a major platform for military deployment and military operations as well as an axis for the great power game in Indian Ocean.The situation has been complicated by a fierce game among all stakeholders.The Diego Garcia issue is relevant with four major challenges including sovereignty dispute,resettlement of the Chagossians,future prospects of British and American military bases and military deployments,as well as environmental and ecological issues.Mauritius,despite its utmost effort,can hardly restore its sovereignty in Diego Garcia in the short to medium term,while the Chagossians are unlikely to be allowed to return to settle in the short term.Most importantly,Diego Garcia s strategic significance and supportive role for the United States will likely remain unchanged.

关 键 词：迪戈加西亚 印度洋局势 美国军事战略 海洋安全 

分 类 号：E712[军事—军事理论] E561[政治法律—国际关系] D81[政治法律—政治学]