黄萎病菌对3种豆科牧草交互侵染性研究  

Study on the Cross Infection of Verticillium spp.to Three Leguminous Forages

作　　者：张园园 刘欢 赵胜国 吴杰 王乐 于飞 ZHANG Yuanyuan;LIU Huan;ZHAO Shengguo;WU Jie;WANG Le;YU Fei(Key Laboratory of Artificial Grassland Biohazard Monitoring and Green Prevention and Control,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Grassland Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hohhot 010010,China;Ineer Mongolia Forestry and Grassland Pest Control Quarantine Station,Hohhot 010010,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China;Aohan Plant Protection and Plant Inspection Station,Aohan 024300,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部人工草地生物灾害监测与绿色防控重点实验室/中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]内蒙古自治区林业和草原有害生物防治检疫总站,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [3]敖汉旗植保植检站,内蒙古赤峰024300

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2023年第8期109-117,共9页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1300802);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2021ZY0040);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610332022003);国家牧草产业技术体系(CARS-34)。

摘　　要：为预防黄萎病菌在豆科牧草轮作或间作过程中所产生的交互侵染,将5株来自沙打旺寄主的大丽轮枝菌(Verticillium dahliae)分别接种到苜蓿和红豆草上,3株来自红豆草寄主的大丽轮枝菌分别接种到苜蓿和沙打旺上,2株来自苜蓿寄主的苜蓿轮枝菌(V.alfalfae)分别接种到沙打旺和红豆草上,并对所有接种植株进行再分离及分离物的形态学和特异性引物PCR分子鉴定,分别评价3种豆科牧草黄萎病菌对苜蓿、沙打旺和红豆草寄主的交互侵染性。结果表明,3种豆科牧草黄萎病菌具有一定的交互侵染性,所有供试菌株都能单独侵染苜蓿、沙打旺和红豆草3种寄主,但对不同寄主的致病力存在较大差异。其中,来源于苜蓿的菌株Ms197和Ms198对3种寄主的致病力均表现为最强,病情指数分别为49.75和50.21、57.44和58.78、61.00和61.00;来源于沙打旺和红豆草的大丽轮枝菌对自身寄主的致病力均表现为最强,对其他两种寄主表现出相对较弱的致病力。再分离物与接种物的形态及分子生物学特征均相符,表明接种植株所表现出的黄萎病症状确由接种物的侵染而造成的。In order to mitigate the interactive infections by Verticillium spp.during intercropping or rotation with leguminous forage crops,five isolates of V.dahliae originating from Astragalus adsurgens hosts were individually inoculated onto alfalfa and sainfoin,three isolates from sainfoin hosts were inoculated onto alfalfa and Astragalus adsurgens,and two isolates of V.alfalfae from alfalfa hosts were inoculated onto Astragalus adsurgens and sainfoin.The isolated and morphologically characterized strains were subjected to specific primer PCR molecular identification.This investigation assessed the mutual infectivity of three leguminous forage pathogens on alfalfa,Astragalus adsurgens,and sainfoin.The results showed that a significant level of interspecies infectivity among the three leguminous forage pathogens.All tested strains were capable of infecting each of the three hosts independently,albeit with substantial variability in pathogenicity across hosts.Notably,V.alfalfae strains Ms197 and Ms198 originating from alfalfa exhibited the highest virulence towards all three hosts,with disease indices of 49.75/50.21,57.44/58.78 and 61.00/61.00 respectively;Astragalus adsurgens and sainfoin isolates of V.dahliae displayed heightened pathogenicity toward their respective hosts,while manifesting comparatively diminished pathogenicity towards the alternative hosts.Morphology and molecular characteristics of the re-isolates concurred with those of the inocula,confirming that the symptoms of Verticillium wilt disease observed in the inoculated plants were a direct result of the inoculum’s infection.

关 键 词：豆科牧草 大丽轮枝菌 苜蓿轮枝菌 交互致病性 

分 类 号：S541[农业科学—作物学] S812.6