浙江瓯江口海域游泳动物群落特征及其与环境因子的关系  

COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS OF NEKTON ASSEMBLAGES IN OUJIANG RIVER ESTUARY AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS,ZHEJIANG,EAST CHINA

作　　者：宋晨 王晓波 张国豪 韩庆喜[1] SONG Chen;WANG Xiao-Bo;ZAHNG Guo-Hao;HAN Qing-Xi(School of Marine Sciences,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315832,China;Yuzhi Environmental Technology(Zhejiang)Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo 315199,China;Qingdao Daowan Technology Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,浙江宁波315832 [2]禹治环境科技(浙江)有限公司,浙江宁波315199 [3]青岛道万科技有限公司,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2023年第4期1113-1124,共12页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目,42076156号,41676139号。

摘　　要：瓯江口海域是传统的浙江省渔业资源栖息地,现今受高强度人为扰动的影响。为了解瓯江口海域游泳动物群落组成和多样性特征,采用单拖网方法对瓯江口春季(3月)和秋季(11月)游泳动物进行调查,并对其群落组成、生物多样性、资源密度和时空分布格局及主要影响因子等进行了研究。调查结果显示,研究海域共采集到游泳动物78种,其中鱼类有36种、甲壳动物28种、头足类3种。游泳动物优势种春季有9种,秋季有6种;两个季节共同优势种有4种。春季的渔获物的丰度远低于秋季,而春季的生物量则与秋季相差不大。基于丰度和生物量的多样性指数(H’)、均匀度指数(J’)和丰富度指数(d)均为秋季高于春季。在瓯江口海域,水体悬浮物是影响游泳动物群落多样性和丰富度的最重要的环境因子。通过对浙江瓯江口海域游泳动物群落特征及其与环境因子的内在关联的研究,有望为瓯江口海域渔业资源变迁特征和资源养护管理决策提供基础数据和科学依据。Oujiang River estuary is an important traditional habitat for fishery resources in Wenzhou,Zhejiang.To understand the community composition and diversity characteristics of the nekton assemblages subject to intense human disturbances,the bottom trawl method was adopted to study the community composition,biodiversity,density,and spatial and temporal distribution pattern of the nekton assemblages in the Oujiang River estuary in spring(March)and autumn(November).Results showed that a total of 78 nekton species were collected in the studied area,including 36 species of fish,28 species of crustaceans,and 3 species of cephalopods.A total of 9 dominant species were determined in spring survey and 6 in autumn.Four dominant species appeared in both seasons.The abundance in spring was much lower than that in autumn,whilst biomass in spring differed slightly with that in autumn.The diversity index(H'),evenness index(J'),and richness index(d)based on abundance and biomass were all higher in autumn than in spring.In Oujiang River estuary,suspended solids was determined as the most important environmental factor on the community composition and diversity of the nekton assemblages.This study provided basic data to support the sustainable exploration of fishery resources in the estuary and to the decision-making on resource conservation and management.

关 键 词：游泳动物 优势种 生物多样性 瓯江口 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学] S931[农业科学—渔业资源]