数据安全刑事治理的冗余机制  

Redundancy Mechanism for Criminal Governance of Data Security

作　　者：张勇[1] 李芬静 ZHANG Yong;LI Fen-jing(School of Criminal Law,East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学刑事法学院,上海201620

出　　处：《苏州大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第4期65-76,共12页Journal of Soochow University(Philosophy & Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“网络时代的社会治理与刑法体系的理论创新”(项目编号:20&ZD199)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：作为国家治理的重要领域,数据安全治理具有系统复杂性,需要增强应对数据安全刑事风险的适应性。系统论中冗余控制原理与风险刑法观念契合,数据安全刑事治理冗余机制包括风险识别、法益衡量、责任分担、入罪缓冲等内容。对于冗余机制应当合理设置并限制运用,以避免产生负面效应。构建数据安全刑事治理体系,须具备内外部两方面的冗余机制。体系内部冗余包括两方面:在立法层面,刑法总则与分则条文之间、刑法分则的罪名之间和罪状之中,以及刑事制裁措施及附属刑法规范中都具有相应的冗余机制;在司法层面,刑事裁量与刑事执行、刑事司法解释、刑行关系衔接中也蕴含着冗余机制。外部冗余机制有硬法和软法两种形式,包括数据犯罪的前置性行政法、民法规范、刑事政策以及企业刑事合规中的冗余机制。上述冗余机制的有机结合,能够为数据安全刑事治理体系运行提供安全、稳定的保障,是数据安全刑事治理现代化的可行路径。As an important field of national governance,data security governance has systematic complexity,so it is necessary to enhance the adaptability to deal with criminal risks of data security.Within the framework of systems theory,the principle of redundancy control aligns seamlessly with the concept of criminal risks in data security governance,and the redundancy mechanism of data security criminal governance includes risk identification,legal benefit measurement,responsibility sharing,and guilt buffer.The redundancy mechanism should be reasonably set and limited to avoid negative effects.To build a data security criminal governance system,there must be redundancy mechanisms in both internal and external aspects.Specifically,the internal redundancy of the system mainly includes two aspects:at the legislative level,there are corresponding redundant mechanisms between the general provisions of the criminal law and the provisions of the sub-provisions,between the charges and counts of the sub-provisions of the criminal law,as well as in the criminal sanction measures and subsidiary criminal law norms;at the judicial level,there are also redundant mechanisms in the connection between criminal discretion and criminal execution,criminal judicial interpretation and criminal execution relationship.Meanwhile,the external redundancy mechanism also has two forms,i.e.,hard law and soft law,which contain the redundant mechanisms in pre-administrative data crime law,civil law norms,criminal policy,and corporate criminal compliance.The organic combination of the above redundant mechanisms can provide a safe and stable guarantee for the operation of the data security criminal governance system,which is a feasible way for the modernization of data security criminal governance.

关 键 词：数据安全 冗余机制 数据犯罪 刑事治理 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]