爆轰法制备的纳米La_(2)O_(3)的表征与性能  

Characterization and Performance of Nano-La_(2)O_(3) Prepared by Detonation Method

作　　者：朱群龙 汪泉[1,2] 汪旭光 李瑞 涂唱畅[1] 杨锐[1] 朱文艳 ZHU Qunlong;WANG Quan;WANG Xuguang;LI Rui;TU Changchang;YANG Rui;ZHU Wenyan(School of Chemical Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,Anhui,China;Anhui Provincial Blasting Equipment and Technology Engineering Laboratory,Huainan 232001,Anhui,China;Beijing General Research Institute of Mining&Metallurgy,Beijing 102628,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学化学工程学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]安徽省爆破器材与技术工程实验室,安徽淮南232001 [3]北京矿冶研究总院,北京102628

出　　处：《高压物理学报》2023年第4期24-33,共10页Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11872002);精细爆破国家重点实验室开放课题(PBSKL-2022-B-05)。

摘　　要：针对目前La_(2)O_(3)制备存在纯度低、烧结性差、分子间隙大等问题,发展纳米La_(2)O_(3)的新型制备方法显得尤为重要。以La(NO_(3))3·6H2O作为镧源加入乳化炸药中,通过乳化炸药爆轰反应为La_(2)O_(3)的合成提供高温高压条件,采用爆轰法在0.5 kg TNT当量真空爆炸容器内制备稀土纳米La_(2)O_(3)粉末。爆轰产物提纯、煅烧后,通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱进行产物的物相、形貌、成分表征,采用紫外-可见光光谱、氮气吸附-脱附等温线、CO_(2)-程序升温脱附和O_(2)-程序升温脱附进行性能测定,结果表明:煅烧温度对La_(2)O_(3)粉体的结晶生长具有显著影响;在煅烧温度为800℃、煅烧时间为3 h的条件下成功制备出吸收紫外光、纯净且分散性较好的纳米La_(2)O_(3)粉末,其粒径在50~175 nm区间,晶体结构为六方晶系;纳米La_(2)O_(3)的比表面积为17.46 m2/g,孔道有序性较好,且孔径分布集中,具有较好的酸性气体吸附能力和氧迁移性能。爆轰法应用于纳米La_(2)O_(3)粉末制备,为纳米La_(2)O_(3)的工业化制备提供了一种新的参考方法。It is very important that new preparation method of nano-lanthanum oxide is explored in view of the current problems of low purity,poor sinterability,and large molecular gaps.Detonation method was employed to prepare rare earth nano-La_(2)O_(3) powder in this study.La(NO_(3))3·6H2O was added to the emulsion explosive as a lanthanum source,and the high temperature and high pressure conditions for the synthesis of La_(2)O_(3) were provided by the detonation reaction of the emulsion explosive in a 0.5 kg TNT equivalent vacuum explosion container.The physical phases,morphologies and ingredients of the purified and forged products were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),and the powder performances were determined by ultravioletvisible spectroscopy(UV-Vis),Brunauer Emmett Teller(BET),CO_(2)-temperature programmed desorption(CO_(2)-TPD)and O_(2)-temperature programmed desorption(O_(2)-TPD).The results show that the forging temperature has a significant effect on the crystalline growth of La_(2)O_(3) powder.Nano-La_(2)O_(3) powder with high ultraviolet light absorption,high purity and good dispersion was successfully produced at a forging temperature of 800℃and a forging time of 3 h.The particle size is in the range of 50-175 nm,and the crystal has a hexagonal structure.The specific surface area of the nano-La_(2)O_(3) is 17.46 m2/g,with a good pore order and concentrated pore size distribution.The nano-La_(2)O_(3) has good adsorption of acid gas and oxygen migration performance.The detonation method applied to the preparation process of nano-La_(2)O_(3) powder provides a new reference for the industrial preparation of nano-La_(2)O_(3).

关 键 词：乳化炸药 爆轰法 稀土 纳米La_(2)O_(3) 吸附 

分 类 号：O521.1[理学—高压高温物理] TB34[理学—物理]