海上虚反射频率域自适应压制技术及应用——以珠江口盆地陆丰A油田为例  

Adaptive Suppression Technology for Offshore Ghosting Frequency Domain and Its Application——A Case Study of Lufeng A Oilfield in Pearl River Mouth Basin

作　　者：董政 李黎 徐超 汪生好 赵红娟 Dong Zheng;Li Li;Xu Chao;Wang Shenghao;Zhao Hongjuan(Shenzhen Branch of CNOOC Ltd.,Shenzhen Guangdong 518000)

机构地区：[1]中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司,广东深圳518000

出　　处：《中外能源》2023年第6期59-64,共6页Sino-Global Energy

基　　金：中国海洋石油集团有限公司重大科技专项“南海东部油田上产2000万吨关键技术研究项目”(编号:ZDXM37-SZ05-01-01-02)。

摘　　要：虚反射是海洋石油勘探中影响较大的干扰波,它与一次反射波叠合在一起使波形产生畸变,造成地震同相轴混乱,在频谱中表现为明显的陷波现象。因此,要获得高品质的地震资料,必须开展虚反射压制工作。海上震源和检波点的空间位置同海平面的随机起伏相关性较大,常规虚反射压制方法难以准确求取震源和检波点延迟时,使得虚反射压制效果不理想。海上地震勘探得到的反射波常常同时存在激发、接收、激发-接收三种形式的虚反射,传统虚反射压制方法只单独考虑激发端或接收端虚反射,而对二者共同产生的虚反射考虑较少。通过对虚反射的形成机理进行分析,从理论上总结出三种虚反射在频率域的表征方程,解决了目前虚反射压制方法的缺陷。采用基于数据驱动的自适应算法,在频率域设计虚反射的反滤波器。通过模拟数据和野外实测数据验证,证明了该方法的有效性。Ghost reflection is a kind of interference wave which has great influence in offshore oil exploration.It superposed with primary reflection wave to distort the waveform and cause the chaos of seismic event,which shows obvious trap phenomenon in the spectrum.Therefore,in order to obtain seismic data with high quality,it is necessary to carry out the ghost suppression.The spatial location of seismic source and receiver at sea has a great correlation with the random fluctuation of sea level.It is difficult to accurately calculate the source and receiver delay time by the conventional ghost suppression method,which makes the ghost suppression effect unsatisfactory.The reflection waves obtained from offshore seismic exploration often have three types of ghosting:excitation,reception,and excitation-reception at the same time.The traditional ghosting suppression method only considers the ghosting at the excitation end or the receiving end separately,and seldom considers the ghosting produced by both of them.Through the analysis of the formation mechanism of the ghost reflection,three characterization equations of the ghost reflection in the frequency domain are theoretically summarized,which solves the defects of the current ghost suppression methods.Data-driven adaptive algorithm is applied to the design of inverse filter for ghost reflection in frequency domain.The effectiveness of the method is proved by simulation data and field test data.

关 键 词：虚反射 陷波 频率域 自适应压制 反滤波器 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P618.13[天文地球—地质学]