煤焦制气装置处理炼化废碱渣的新途径  

A New Method for Treating Refinery Waste Alkali Residue in Coal and Coke Gasification Plant

作　　者：张洪涛 杨旭 李志 李震 曹焕然 Zhang Hongtao;Yang Xu;Li Zhi;Li Zhen;Cao Huanran(Zhejiang Petroleum&Chemical Co.,Ltd.,Zhoushan Zhejiang 316000)

机构地区：[1]浙江石油化工有限公司,浙江舟山316000

出　　处：《中外能源》2023年第6期89-93,共5页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：为防止酸性物质腐蚀设备、保证油品中硫含量符合国标要求,在石油化工生产时常采用碱洗脱硫工艺。在此过程中副产废碱渣,该物质带有恶臭气味、呈深褐色、高碱性、成分复杂、有毒有害,一般p H值在12以上,COD超过60000mg/L。其无害化的处理一直是企业的难题,一般采用深埋法、酸碱中和法、生物氧化法等。但深埋法、酸碱中和法实际未达到无害化处理的要求;生物氧化法因处理量小,抵御上游负荷变化的能力不足,成为制约上游生产的瓶颈。浙江石油化工有限公司将废碱渣掺入水煤浆中,经过1200℃的高温,将其中的无机物转化为盐类,与煤渣一起送出装置;其中的有机物可转化为煤焦制气装置的产品合成气,将废碱渣变废为宝,直接产生经济效益。缓解了原流程(污水处理场)的负荷压力,防止污水处理场受到冲击,有效地保证了上游主要生产装置(丙烷脱氢装置和产品精制装置)的正常运行,间接产生一定的经济效益。In order to prevent the corrosion of equipment by acidic substances and ensure that the sulfur content of oil meets the requirements of national standards,alkali washing desulfurization process is often used in petrochemical production.The by-product waste alkali residue is odorous,dark brown,highly alkaline,complex in composition,toxic and harmful,and generally its p H value is above 12 and its COD is more than60000mg/L.Its harmless treatment has been a difficult problem for enterprises.Usually deep burial method,acid-alkali neutralization method and biological oxidation method are used.However,the deep burial method and the acid-alkali neutralization method cannot meet the requirements of harmless treatment in practice,and the biological oxidation process has become a bottleneck restricting the upstream production due to its small processing capacity and insufficient ability to resist upstream load changes.Zhejiang Petroleum Chemical Co.,Ltd.blended the waste alkali residue into coal water slurry.At a high temperature of 1200℃,the inorganic matters in it were converted into salts and sent out of the unit together with coal cinder,and the organic matters were converted into syngas,which is the product of coal and coke gasification plant,turning the waste into treasure and directly producing economic benefits.This method can relieve the load pressure of the origi-nal process flow(sewage treatment plant),prevent the impact on the sewage treatment plant,effectively ensure the normal operation of main upstream production units including propane dehydrogenation unit and product refining unit,and indirectly produce certain economic benefits.

关 键 词：废碱渣 脱硫 煤焦制气 气化炉 新途径 

分 类 号：X742[环境科学与工程—环境工程]