非常规油藏补能提采开发方式研究进展及路径优选  

Research Progress and Path Optimization of Enhanced Oil Recovery by Energy Supplement in Unconventional Reservoirs

作　　者：许宁[1] 满安静[1] 徐萍[1] 张帅迁 许琬晨 葛艳阳[1] Xu Ning;Man Anjing;Xu Ping;Zhang Shuaiqian;Xu Wanchen;Ge Yanyang(PetroChina Liaohe Oilfield Company,Panjin Liaoning 124010;Panjin Xinglongtai State Capital Investment Operation Co.,Ltd.,Panjin Liaoning 124010)

机构地区：[1]中国石油辽河油田公司,辽宁盘锦124010 [2]盘锦市兴隆台区国有资本投资运营有限公司,辽宁盘锦124010

出　　处：《中外能源》2023年第8期38-46,共9页Sino-Global Energy

基　　金：中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技专项“超低渗油藏驱渗结合提高采收率关键技术研究”(项目编号:2021DJ1304)。

摘　　要：致密油、页岩油等非常规油藏采用水平井体积压裂开发之后,面临持续补充地层能量、减缓产量递减和提高采收率等问题。通过调研分析,在目前压裂、吞吐和驱替3大类开发方式,水、纳米剂、表面活性剂、CO_(2)、减氧空气5种主要注入剂构成的20余种接续补能提采细分开发方式中,聚焦补能稳产提采,根据不同开发方式的实验结果和现场试验效果,认识到吞吐类方式在前1~2周期效果好,但地层能量不断被消耗,不可持续。压裂类方式仅在一次改造规模小、潜力层段未压裂或压裂改造不彻底等情况下有效,在压裂工艺没有很大提升时效果不平衡。驱替是一种连续补能方式,特别是纳米剂周期驱替将驱替作用与渗吸机理相结合,可有效扩大非常规油藏微观波及体积,提高驱油效率,而且可有效降低和化解水淹与注不进风险,是致密油、页岩油等非常规油藏较好的接续开发方式。After tight oil,shale oil and other unconventional reservoirs are developed by stimulated reservoir volume for horizontal wells,the problems of continuously replenishing formation energy,slowing down production decline and improving oil recovery are facing.Investigation and analysis shows that there are three development modes:fracturing,huff and puff,and displacement at present,and they can be divided into more than 20 development methods for EOR by energy supplement composed of five main injectors such as water,nano-agents,surfactants,CO2 and oxygen-reduced air.They focus on energy supplement for stable production and enhanced oil recovery.According to the experimental results and field test results of different development modes,it is realized that the huff and puff mode has good effect in the first 1-2 cycles,but the formation energy is constantly consumed,which is not sustainable.The fracturing is only effective when the scale is small,the potential interval is not fractured or fractured insufficiently,and the effect is unbalanced when the fracturing process is not greatly improved.Displacement is a continuous method for energy supplement,especially nano-agent periodic displacement,which combines displacement with imbibition mechanism,can effectively expand the micro-swept volume of unconventional reservoirs,improve oil displacement efficiency,and effectively reduce and resolve the risk of flooding and failure to inject.It is a better continuous development method for the tight oil and shale oil and other unconventional reservoirs.

关 键 词：非常规油藏 补能提采 压裂 吞吐 周期驱替 纳米剂 

分 类 号：TE357[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]