大庆油田致密油水平井侧向穿层压裂试验及效果评价  

Test and Effect Evaluation on Lateral Penetrating Fracturing in Horizontal Well for Tight Oil in Daqing Oilfield

作　　者：段彦清 Duan Yanqing(Downhole Operation Branch of Daqing Oilfield Co.,Ltd.,Daqing Heilongjiang 163453)

机构地区：[1]大庆油田有限责任公司井下作业分公司,黑龙江大庆163453

出　　处：《中外能源》2023年第8期47-51,共5页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：大庆油田扶余油层为典型的致密油储层,具有低孔低渗,砂体纵向不连续、横向不集中特点,需采用体积压裂才能有效动用。针对新探区砂体分布预测难度大、部分水平井砂岩钻遇率低、传统体积压裂井控储量小的问题,首次开展了水平井侧向穿层压裂可行性评价及现场试验。根据井轨迹与目标砂体空间位置关系,优化定方位扇形射孔,确保裂缝向优势砂体方向扩展延伸;优选套管桥塞分段+大排量单簇单压工艺,提高穿层能量与波及缝长;应用动态酸处理技术,降低穿层施工压力;采用全小粒径组合支撑+纤维伴注支撑工艺,构建由井筒到目标砂体远端的全支撑裂缝,实现对井筒侧向未钻遇砂体的有效沟通和动用。在M1-平5井第1~5段开展侧向穿层压裂现场试验,井下微地震监测显示,穿层段人工裂缝长度176~256m,沿目标砂体方向有效延伸;示踪剂监测结果表明,穿层段均有产油贡献,平均单段产油贡献率与层内致密油Ⅰ-2类层相当,证实侧向穿层压裂试验获得成功。The Fuyu reservoir in Daqing Oilfield is a typical tight oil one,characterized by low porosity and permeability,longitudinally discontinuous and transverse non-concentrated sand body.Stimulated reservoir volume is required for effective production.In view of the difficulty in predicting the sand body distribution in new exploration areas,the low drilling rate of sandstones in some horizontal wells and the small well-controlled reserves by traditional volume fracturing,the feasibility evaluation and field test of lateral penetrating fracturing in horizontal wells were carried out for the first time.According to the relationship between the well trajectory and the spatial position of target sand body,the azimuth fan-shaped perforation is optimized to ensure the fractures extend toward the direction of the dominant sand body.The technology of casing bridge segment+single cluster fracture process at large displacement is selected to improve the penetration energy and spread seam length.The dynamic acid treatment technology is applied to reducing the construction pressure during the penetration.The full small particle size combined support+fiber injection support technology is adopted to construct full support fracture from the wellbore to the far end of the target sand body and to realize effective communication and producing of the undrilled sand body on the wellbore side.Field tests of lateral penetrating fracturing were carried out in the 1st-5th section of Well M1-Ping5.Microseismic monitoring shows that the length of artificial fractures in the penetrating section is 176-256m,extending effectively along the direction of the target sand body.The tracer monitoring results show that the penetrated sections have oil production contribution,and average contribution rate of oil production in a single section is equivalent to that of tight oil class I-2 in the layers,which proves that the lateral penetrating fracturing test is successful.

关 键 词：侧向穿层 水平井压裂 定方位扇形射孔 大排量泵注 动态酸处理 纤维伴注 

分 类 号：TE357[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]