直流电弧等离子体炬的数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation of DC Arc Plasma Torch

作　　者：彭蠡 王平阳[1] 王建维 PENG Li;WANG Pingyang;WANG Jianwei(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《上海航天（中英文）》2023年第4期73-79,共7页Aerospace Shanghai（Chinese&English）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51876121)。

摘　　要：等离子体炬内部的物理场是影响等离子体性能及等离子体炬设计等方向的重要信息。受等离子体炬内部小空间、高能量密度及高电荷密度等因素的影响,无法通过常规手段进行测量。为了得到等离子体炬内部的温度、速度场分布情况,本文使用COMSOL建立了一台30 kW直流等离子体炬的二维轴对称模型。为了验证模型的可靠性,搭建了包括等离子电源、等离子体炬在内的实验平台,并使用热焓探针对该等离子体炬出口处的温度场进行诊断。将等离子体炬的模拟结果与实验测得的数据进行对比,发现模拟结果能够较好的吻合实际情况。改变模型阴极的电流输入,对等离子体炬内部的流场及温度场变化情况进行了系统模拟研究,得出了等离子体炬内部的发展模式,以及热量传递的薄弱点,可以为今后等离子体炬的优化方向提供参考。The physical field inside a plasma torch has an important effect on the plasma performance and the plasma torch design.However,it cannot be measured by conventional means due to the influence of small space,high energy density,and high charge density inside the plasma torch.In order to obtain the distributions of temperature field and velocity field inside the plasma torch,a two-dimensional axisymmetric model of a 30 kW direct current(DC)plasma torch is established by COMSOL.To verify the reliability of the model,an experimental platform including plasma power supply and plasma torch is built,and the enthalpy probe is used to diagnose the temperature field at the outlet of the plasma torch.By comparing the simulation results of the plasma torch with the experimental data,it is found that the simulation results are in good agreement with the actual situation.By changing the current input of the model cathode,the flow field and temperature field inside the plasma torch are systematically simulated,and the development mode of plasma in the torch and the weakness of heat transfer are obtained.The results can provide a reference for the optimization direction of plasma torch in the future.

关 键 词：等离子体 直流等离子体炬 热焓探针 温度诊断 数值模拟 

分 类 号：V434[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]