知识产权利益平衡原则的制度表达、实践异化与理性回归  

Institutional Expression,Practical Alienation and Rational Return of the Principle of Balance of Interests in Intellectual Property

作　　者：陈鹏玮 CHEN Pengwei(Law School,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学法学院,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《昆明理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期9-17,共9页Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“作品类型扩张下独创性理论构建与适用研究”(19AFX017)。

摘　　要：《知识产权强国建设纲要(2021—2035年)》提出我国将建立系统完备的知识产权制度,制度建设需要依托于知识产权立法的正当性,与此同时,强化知识产权保护则需要进一步完善司法保护体制。知识产权法在提供专有保护的同时,不可避免附带着一种变相的垄断,利益平衡有助于寻找二者的界限。知识产权法服务于二元价值目标的实现,应当注意到个人利益与公共利益的纠缠与交织。利益平衡原则体现在知识产权各部门法的制度设计上,蕴含于权利义务的合理配置中。在司法实践中,利益平衡的扩张适用存在反噬法律规定的风险,可能成为司法裁判者权力滥用的理由。完善利益平衡原则的适用应当优先尊重法律条文并进行充分论证,通过以比例原则为基础的利益平衡原则的法律逻辑解读降低其不确定性,从而回归制度本意,把握司法中的温度和专度,有效提升知识产权保护的质量。“Guidelines for Building a Powerful Country with Intellectual Property Rights(2021-2035)”states that China will establish a systematic and complete intellectual property system,and the system construc-tion needs to rely on the legitimacy of intellectual property legislation,while strengthening intellectual property protection requires further improvement of the judicial protection system at the same time.While providing ex-clusive protection,intellectual property law inevitably comes with a disguised monopoly,and the balance of in-terests helps to find the boundary between the two.Intellectual property law serves the realization of dualistic value objectives and should take note of the entanglement and intertwining of individual interests and public in-terests.The principle of balance of interests is reflected in the institutional design of various sectors of intellectu-al property law and is embedded in the reasonable allocation of rights and obligations.In judicial practice,the expanded application of the balance of interests runs the risk of reversing the legal provisions and may become a reason for the abuse of power by judicial judges.The application of the principle of balance of interests should be improved by giving priority to respecting the legal provisions and conducting sufficient arguments,and reduc-ing the uncertainty of the principle of balance of interests by interpreting the legal logic based on the principle of proportionality.Thus,the system should return to its original intention,grasp the tender feelings and specializa-tion in justice,and effectively improve the quality of intellectual property protection.

关 键 词：知识产权 利益平衡 权力滥用 自由裁量 比例原则 

分 类 号：D923.4[政治法律—民商法学]