“取供用排”全过程综合节水评价指标体系构建及应用——以房山区为例  

Construction and application of the evaluation index system for the entire process of"water intaking-supplying-using-draining":Fangshan District as an example

作　　者：张航 张琪 孙震 李永川 齐艳冰 ZHANG Hang;ZHANG Qi;SUN Zhen;LI Yongchuan;JI Yanbing(Beijing Water Science and Technology Institute,Beijing 100048,China;Tianjin Chengjian University,Tianjin 300384,China;Beijing Fangshan District Water Conservation Service Center,Beijing 102401,China;Beijing Zhihui Jingji Technology Co.,Ltd,Beijing 101507,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市水科学技术研究院,北京100048 [2]天津城建大学,天津300384 [3]北京市房山区节约用水事务中心,北京102401 [4]北京智绘京畿科技有限公司,北京101507

出　　处：《北京水务》2022年第S02期6-11,共6页Beijing Water

摘　　要：目前“取供用排”水资源社会循环全过程的综合评价还较少,评估水资源社会循环综合水平对促进水资源可持续利用具有重要作用。针对水资源社会循环全过程开展节水效率评价工作,构建了贯穿“取供用排”全链条的节水评价指标体系,并基于可变集的综合评价方法对房山区近5年综合节水情况进行评价。房山区整体水平3~4级之间,处于中等偏上水平,还有一定节水潜力;各环节综合评价结果较好的顺序为排水>用水>供水>取水,排水整体水平均大于4级,处于优秀级别,用水主要是3~5级之间,处于中上水平,供水相对比较稳定,但主要是2~3级,处于中下水平,取水节水效率年际变化较大,处于2~4级之间,主要受降雨影响较大,近2年取水环节向良好态势发展。通过全链条节水综合评价,找到区域水资源社会循环管理薄弱环节,对开展水资源优化配置、节水专项整治行动和提高水资源利用率具有重要指导意义。At present,the evaluation of water resources utilization efficiency mainly focuses on the construction of water-saving society,the strictest water resources management,the construction of water ecological civilizationand other special evaluation,but the whole process of"water intaking-supplying-using-draining"social water cycle is rarely evaluated,which plays an important role in promoting the virtuous cycle of water resources.Based on the analysis of the evaluation of water resources utilization efficiency at domestic and international,the water-saving efficiency is evaluated in the whole process of the water resources social cycle,and a water-saving evaluation index system is constructed throughout the whole chain of"water intaking-supplying-using-draining".The comprehensive evaluation method based on a variable set theory is used to estimate the comprehensive water-saving level in Fangshan District,utilizing data from the past five years.It can be found from the result that the overall level of Fangshan District is between level 3 and level 4,which is in the middle to the upper level,and there is still some water-saving potential.The order of water saving effect of each link is water draining>water using>water suppling>water intaking.The water conservation level of water draining is greater than level 4.3,and it is in the excellent level.The level of water using is mainly between level 3.5 and level 4.5,at a medium to high level.The water suppling is relatively stable,but mainly at level 2 and level 3,at a mid to low level.The interannual change for the level of water intaking is great,ranging from level 1.5 to level 4,mainly influenced by rainfall,but it is developed well in the past two years.In this paper,through a comprehensive evaluation of the whole process of"water intaking-supplying-using-draining",we can find the weak points of regional water resources social cycle management,which is an important guideline for optimal allocation of water resources,carrying out special water conservation actions and i

关 键 词：水资源 社会循环 取供用排 节水 综合评价 

分 类 号：S276[农业科学—农业水土工程]