零价铝表面物相转变及影响污染物去除的作用机制  

Mechanism of Phase Transition on Zero-Valent Aluminum Surface and Its Effect on Pollutant Removal

作　　者：杨世迎[1,2,3] 杨震 Shiying Yang;Zhen Yang(The Key Laboratory of Marine Environment&Ecology,Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266100,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering(MEGE),Qingdao 266100,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,青岛266100 [2]山东省海洋环境地质工程重点实验室,青岛266100 [3]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,青岛266100

出　　处：《化学进展》2023年第7期1030-1039,共10页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(No.ZR2020MB093)资助。

摘　　要：零价铝(Zero-valent aluminum,ZVAl)在气相和液相介质中都容易被氧化,这会使得作为“电子库”的单质Al外部覆盖一层(氢)氧化物外壳。该外壳通常会由结构各异的Al2O3、AlOOH、Al(OH)3等物相组成。随着环境条件的改变,组成外壳的各物相间会发生转变,且同一物相的不同晶型间也会发生相变,最终皆会使得ZVAl整体性能改变。目前各领域学者对ZVAl的处理皆可看作是对ZVAl原表面成分进行的不同程度调控。在污染物降解领域中,虽已有研究证明ZVAl可凭借其强还原能力有效降解污染物,但目前研究仅仅关注于表面固有(氢)氧化物从而活化ZVAl,忽略了表面各物相间的转化与联系,这难以系统明确ZVAl在降解污染物过程中的表面氧化物转变对其还原性能的影响。然而,全面了解组成ZVAl表面物相的各类氧化物结构、性质特别是物相间的转变过程至关重要,可为ZVAl与污染物的界面反应过程和作用机制研究及ZVAl的定向调控提供理论基础。因此,本文首次从ZVAl表面物相的类型、结构、性质以及物相转变的作用机理角度出发,以目前国内外涉及ZVAl基材料的能源燃料、防腐涂料、亲疏水材料等相关应用为理论依据,对ZVAl基材料表面氧化物转变的作用机制进行综述、展望,以期促进污染物降解领域中ZVAl的研究,使其表面调控向目标性能方向发展。Zero-valent aluminum(ZVAl)is susceptibly oxidized in both gas and liquid media,which makes the element Al,as an“electron reservoir”,surrounded by an oxide/oxyhydroxide shell.Typically,this shell is made up of Al2O3,AlOOH,Al(OH)3 and other phases with varying structures.Furthermore,as the environment changes,the shell’s phases may transform into each other,and even the transition between different crystalline forms of the same phase may take place,finally leading to changes in the general properties of ZVAl.It is believed that the treatment of ZVAl in a variety of fields can be regarded as different regulations of its surface composition.Although it has been demonstrated that ZVAl can efficiently degrade pollutants due to its strong reducing ability,current research only focuses on the removal of the inherent oxides/oxyhydroxides on the surface of ZVAl,ignoring the transition and connection between the various phases.As a result,it is challenging to systematically clarify the impact of surface phase transformation on the reduction performance of ZVAl in the process of pollutant degradation.To provide a theoretical foundation for the investigation of the interfacial reaction processes and mechanisms between ZVAl and pollutants as well as the directional regulation of ZVAl,it is necessary to have a thorough understanding of the structure and properties of the various phases that make up the ZVAl surface,particularly the transition processes between different phases.Hence,in this review,for the first time,the reaction mechanism of the surface phase transition of ZVAl-based materials is summarized and prospectively discussed from the perspective of the type,structure,and nature of ZVAl surface phases as well as the reaction mechanism of the phase transition.

关 键 词：零价铝 (氢)氧化物 物相转变 污染物降解 表面作用机制 

分 类 号：X5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]