基因编辑技术改良玉米株型增加杂交种产量  

Gene Editing Reshaping Maize Plant Type for Increasing Hybrid Yield

作　　者：石佳鑫 刘凯 朱金洁 祁显涛 谢传晓[1] 刘昌林[1] SHI Jia-xin;LIU Kai;ZHU Jin-jie;QI Xian-tao;XIE Chuan-xiao;LIU Chang-lin(Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Beijing 100081;Maize Research Institute,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081 [2]四川农业大学玉米研究所,成都611130

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2023年第8期62-69,共8页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1201004)。

摘　　要：玉米紧凑株型能够通过密植栽培实现增产。改良玉米株型的关键性状叶夹角,创制紧凑株型的玉米杂交种,能够实现该增产过程。通过基因编辑技术和DTM(desire targeted mutation)策略,突变杂交种中单88的母本CX1的叶夹角形成关键基因ZmLG1,获得株型紧凑的改良母本自交系CX1-lg1。以此母本与中单88的父本CX2杂交,配制获得株型紧凑的ZmLG1Zmlg1改良杂交种中单88M。对改良母本CX1-lg1的制种效率及改良杂交种中单88M在增密栽培下的产量进行评估。结果显示:(1)通过母本株型改良能够实现对杂交种株型的改良;(2)株型紧凑的改良母本CX1-lg1在5 000株/667 m2的条件下有更高的制种效率;(3)改良杂交种中单88M在不同环境和密度下均有更紧凑株型,且在较高栽培密度下实现增产。以上结果表明基因编辑技术能够通过靶向特定基因实现精确的表型调控,借助DTM策略改良亲本可以实现对杂交种特定表型的改良。Compact plant architecture in maize achieves increased yield through dense planting.The key trait for improving the plant architecture is leaf angle.By creating hybrid varieties with compact plant architecture,the increased yield can be achieved.Using gene editing technology and the DTM(Desire Targeted Mutation)strategy,the gene ZmLG1 underlying leaf angle was mutated in the female parent(Named as CX1)of hybrid Zhongdan88.An improved inbred line(Named as CX1-lg1)with a compact plant architecture was developed.Then,by crossing the female parent CX1-lg1 with the male parent CX2,a hybrid with a compact plant architecture was obtained,named as Zhongdan88M,which contained ZmLG1Zmlg1 alleles.The seed production efficiency of CX1-lg1 and the yield of the improved hybrid variety Zhongdan88M under dense planting were evaluated.The results showed that:1)Improved plant architecture of the female parent improved the corresponding hybrid's plant architecture.2)The improved female parent CX1-lg1 had higher seed production efficiency than that of CX1 under the condition of 5000 plants/667 m2.3)The improved hybrid Zhongdan88M had a more compact plant architecture than that of Zhongdan88 under different environments and densities,and achieved the increased yield at a high density.These results indicate that gene editing technology is powerful in the precise regulation of phenotype via targeting specific genes.Moreover,modifying one parent's genotype through the DTM strategy lead to improvements in desired phenotype in the corresponding hybrids.

关 键 词：基因编辑 紧凑株型 叶夹角 高产 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] Q943.2[生物学—植物学]