植物中β-紫罗兰酮生物合成及调控研究进展  

Research Progress in the Biosynthesis and Regulation ofβ-ionone in Plants

作　　者：叶云芳 田清尹 施婷婷[1,2] 王亮 岳远征 杨秀莲[1,2] 王良桂 YE Yun-fang;TIAN Qing-yin;SHI Ting-ting;WANG Liang;YUE Yuan-zheng;YANG Xiu-lian;WANG Liang-gui(Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037;Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,Nanjing 210037;Daqian Ecology&,Environment Group Co.,Ltd,Nanjing 210036)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学,南京210037 [2]南方现代林业协同创业中心,南京210037 [3]大千生态环境集团股份有限公司,南京210036

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2023年第8期91-105,共15页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32071828);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目;盐碱地园林植物选育及产业化应用研究。

摘　　要：β-紫罗兰酮(β-ionone,BI)是一种重要的天然香气挥发性化合物,广泛分布于植物中,是由类胡萝卜素裂解双加氧酶对β-胡萝卜素的9,10和9’,10’裂解产生的一种脱辅基类胡萝卜素。β-紫罗兰酮作为环化异戊二烯的代表,具有抗菌、抗病毒和抗肿瘤等多种生物活性,因此,植物中β-紫罗兰酮的生物合成与代谢调控研究逐渐成为热点。本文对植物中的β-紫罗兰酮生物活性、生物合成与调控等相关研究进展进行了归纳总结,重点综述了植物中的β-紫罗兰酮生物合成途径及其相关酶,随后从分子水平阐述了类胡萝卜素裂解双加氧酶基因对β-紫罗兰酮生物合成的控制,以及WRKY、NAC、ERF和MYB等转录因子调控相关结构基因的表达从而影响β-紫罗兰酮生物合成,总结了温度、光照、水分和土壤盐碱度等环境因子对植物中的β-紫罗兰酮生物合成的调控,并且介绍了β-紫罗兰酮生物合成途径中相关基因对植物叶片、花朵、果实色泽和香味的影响,以及利用基因过表达、基因沉默等基因工程技术对植物中β-紫罗兰酮生物合成的改良,同时对植物中β-紫罗兰酮研究尚待解决的问题作了合理展望,旨在为植物中的β-紫罗兰酮生物合成和调控机制的更深层次的研究提供理论帮助,为改良植物花香物质、获得高产量的天然β-紫罗兰酮提供理论参考。β-ionone(β-ionone,ΒI)is an important natural aroma volatile compound widely distributed in plants,which is an apocarotenoid produced by carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases cleavingβ-carotene at the 9,10 and the 9',10'positions.As a representative of cyclized isoprene,β-ionone has various biological activities such as antibacterial,antiviral and antitumor.Therefore,studies on the biosynthesis and metabolic regulation ofβ-ionone in plants has gradually become a hot topic.This paper summarizes the progress ofβ-ionone bioactivity,biosynthesis and regulation in plants,focusing on theβ-ionone biosynthesis pathway and its related enzymes,followed by the control ofβ-ionone biosynthesis by carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase genes at the molecular level,as well as transcription factors such as WRKY,NAC,ERF and MYB regulate the expressions of related structural genes and thus affectβ-ionone biosynthesis.And the paper describes the effects of environmental factors such as temperature,light,water and soil salinity onβ-ionone biosynthesis in plants.It also introduces the effects of genes involved in the biosynthetic pathway ofβ-ionone on the color and aroma of plant leaves,flowers and fruits,as well as the improvement ofβ-ionone biosynthesis in plants using gene overexpression,gene silencing and other genetic engineering techniques,and makes reasonable prospects for the problems to be solved in the research onβ-ionone in plants,aiming to provide theoretical assistance for the deeper research on the biosynthesis and regulatory mechanism ofβ-ionone in plants,and provide a theoretical foundation for improving plant floral aroma substances and obtaining a high yield of naturalβ-ionone.

关 键 词：Β-紫罗兰酮 类胡萝卜素裂解双加氧酶 生物合成 分子调控 类胡萝卜素 脱辅基类胡萝卜素 基因工程技术 

分 类 号：Q946[生物学—植物学]