贵州大沙河国家级自然保护区野生银杉种群保护成效分析  

Protection effect of wild Cathaya argyrophylla population in Guizhou Dashahe National Nature Reserve

作　　者：韩继怀 李乔明 勾伟 冯育才 江龙 HAN Jihuai;LI Qiaoming;GOU Wei;FENG Yucai;JIANG Long(Management Bureau of Dashahe Nature Reserve of Guizhou,Daozhen 563500,Guizhou,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大沙河国家级自然保护区管理局,贵州道真563500

出　　处：《贵州林业科技》2023年第3期66-71,共6页Guizhou Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：贵州省林业科研项目“珍稀濒危物种银杉直播造林技术研究”(黔科合J字[2015]21号)。

摘　　要：基于贵州大沙河国家级自然保护区野生银杉2020年调查数据,结合1987、2002、2015年历史资料,分析了保护区银杉野生种群分布状况及变化趋势。结果表明:保护区内野生银杉共有21个分布点,共866株,海拔1300~1600 m,所处生境多为悬崖峭壁。其中大沙河、小沙河和沙河3个主要区域的银杉胸径、株高分布和频率分布与总群体一致,均呈正偏态状分布,胸径范围主要集中在0.5~11 cm之间,株高主要集中在0.2~10 m之间。随时间的推移,各分布点植株的主要特点表现为株高小于1 m的植株容易死亡或被破坏,导致数量明显减少。建议采取人工干预措施及结合银杉的生活习性,在保护区内进行人工采种试播或进行幼苗移栽,从而扩大分布区范围;同时对野生银杉生长周边的植物进行适当疏伐,减小其他植物生长对银杉生长的影响,促进银杉种群繁衍。Wild Cathaya argyrophylla is one of the most representative trees in Dashahe Nature Reserve of Guizhou Province in China.This study aims to analyze the distribution and change trend of C.argyrophylla population in recent years.The survey data was combined in 1987,2002,2015 and 2020.The results showed that there were 21 distribution points of C.argyrophylla in the Nature Reserve,with an altitude of 1300-1600 m.Most of the habitats were cliffs.A positive skewness distribution was followed by the frequency of diameter at breast height(DBH)and plant height of C.argyrophylla in the three areas of Dashahe,Xiaoshahe and Shahe.There was the better consistence with the total population.The DBH growth was concentrated mainly in 0.5-11 cm,and the plant height growth was in 0.2-10 m.Furthermore,the plants with the plant height less than 1m were easy to die or be destroyed in each distribution point,resulting in a significant decrease of the number.Some intervention measures can be expected to combine with the living habits of C.Argyrophylla for the larger range of distribution areas,including seed collection and trial sowing or digging seedlings for transplanting.At the same time,the surrounding plants can be thinned properly to reduce the competition of plants for the better growth of wild C.Argyrophylla and the reproduction of population resources.

关 键 词：银杉 种群 分布 保护 大沙河自然保护区 贵州 

分 类 号：S791.19[农业科学—林木遗传育种]