选冶联合回收石煤中伴生战略金属钒镍钼的研究进展  

Research Progress on Recovery of Associated Strategic Metals Vanadium,Nickel and Molybdenum from Stone Coal by Combined Process of Beneficiation and Metallurgy

作　　者：王淼 温建康 李文娟[1,3,4,5] 杨鑫龙 赖永传[1,3,4,5] 杨洪英 Wang Miao;Wen Jiankang;Li Wenjuan;Yang Xinlong;Lai Yongchuan;Yang Hongying(National Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Metallurgy in Producing Premium Non-ferrous Metals,GRINM Group Corporation Limited,Beijing 101407,China;Northeastern University School of Metallurgy,Shenyang 110891,China;GRINM Resources and Environment Tech.Co.,Ltd.Bejing 101407,China;General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals,Beijing 100088,China;GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co.,Ltd.Beijing 101407,China)

机构地区：[1]中国有研科技集团有限公司,高品质有色金属绿色特种冶金国家工程研究中心,北京101407 [2]东北大学冶金学院,沈阳110891 [3]有研资源环境技术研究院(北京)限公司,北京101407 [4]北京有色金属研究总院,北京100088 [5]有研工程技术研究院有限公司,北京101407

出　　处：《稀有金属》2023年第6期881-892,共12页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1909703)资助。

摘　　要：针对石煤中钒镍钼综合利用率低,战略金属镍、钼优质矿产资源匮乏的问题,综述了石煤中钒、镍、钼的赋存状态及选冶联合回收研究现状,归纳总结了碳质石煤、钙质石煤、碳质钙质石煤、硅质石煤等不同特点石煤的选冶联合提钒工艺,讨论了不同特点石煤采用的焙烧、浮选、浸出、脱泥、磁选、重选等联合提钒方法,介绍了从部分石煤中富集有回收价值镍、钼的焙烧-浸出及浮选-浸出方法。指出了当前的回收工艺还存在石煤中镍、钼的工艺矿物学研究不够完善、含钒矿物与脉石分离困难、浮选回收钒云母品位低等问题。展望了后续应重视石煤中微细粒矿物分散絮凝行为研究,设计高效的脱泥和脱碳设备,研制新型的钒、镍、钼浮选药剂及浸出剂,优化选冶联合工艺流程,以降低生产成本、绿色低碳发展为标准,最终实现选冶流程在石煤工业上的广泛应用。Nickel,molybdenum and vanadium are important strategic metal resources in China,which are widely used in metallurgy,electronics,steel,aerospace and other industries.With the large consumption of high-quality nickel molybdenum vanadium resources,the development of traditional vanadium nickel molybdenum resources is more and more difficult,how to use non-traditional nickel molybdenum vanadium resources has become an urgent problem.In view of the lack of high-quality mineral resources of strategic metals such as vanadium,nickel and molybdenum,and the low comprehensive utilization rate of vanadium,nickel and molybdenum in stone coal,this paper summarized the occurrence state of vanadium,nickel and molybdenum associated with stone coal and the research status of combined beneficiation and metallurgy.The combined vanadium extraction process of carbonaceous stone coal,calcareous stone coal,carbonaceous calcareous stone coal and siliceous stone coal was summarized.For carbonaceous stone coal,it was necessary to remove carbon by roasting or flotation,and then extract vanadium by flotation-leaching,in order to reduce the influence of carbonaceous materials in stone coal on the leaching process.Calcareous stone coal contained many calcites.Under the traditional high-temperature roasting conditions,CaO decomposed from calcite reacts with vanadium-containing oxides to form calcium vanadate,which made vanadium wrapped and affects the leaching effect.Moreover,calcite was also a acid-consuming mineral,so it was necessary to remove some calcites before enriching vanadium.The combined process of beneficiation and metallurgy of carbonaceous calcareous stone coal needed to be combined with the above two stone coal treatment methods.The process flow was roasting decarburization-reverse flotation calcite-positive flotation mica.Generally,in order to reduce the influence of slime contained in roasted ore on flotation,desliming would be carried out before flotation.In addition,shaking table separation could be used according to the phys

关 键 词：石煤 选冶联合 钒 镍 钼 综合回收 

分 类 号：TF841.3[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TD954[矿业工程—选矿]