微滤膜与动态膜强化厌氧处理生活污水的性能对比  

Performance Comparation between Microfiltration Membrane and Dynamic Membrane in Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment

作　　者：刘乐[1,2] 段傲 田文瑞 胡以松 杨媛[1,2] 陈荣[1,2] 王晓昌[1,2] LIU Le;DUAN Ao;TIAN Wen‑rui;HU Yi‑song;YANG Yuan;CHEN Rong;WANG Xiao‑chang(Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China;Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource,Environment and Ecology,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China;Shaanxi High‑speed Environmental Technology Co.Ltd.,Xi’an 710018,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学陕西省环境工程重点实验室,陕西西安710055 [2]西安建筑科技大学西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710055 [3]陕西高速环境科技有限公司,陕西西安710018

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2023年第13期9-15,共7页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2022JM-237);陕西省科技创新团队项目(2019TD-025)。

摘　　要：选用尼龙网与微滤膜作为膜基材构建了升流式厌氧动态膜生物反应器(AnDMBR)和厌氧膜生物反应器(AnMBR)小试装置并处理生活污水,对比分析了反应器的过滤性能、污染物去除效果、污泥及泥饼特性。AnDMBR对浊度的去除率约为94%,略低于AnMBR(98%),两者对COD的去除率无明显差别,甲烷产量相近,但出水中均含有溶解性甲烷,约占甲烷总产量的60%~80%。AnMBR的跨膜压差(TMP)增长速率(0.91~1.70 kPa/d)远高于AnDMBR(0.01~0.06 kPa/d)。厌氧污泥的胞外聚合物(EPS)含量相差不大,但AnMBR泥饼层中的EPS是AnDMBR的2.3~2.7倍,微滤膜污染更为严重,需经过物化清洗才能有效恢复膜通量,而动态膜通量通过物理清洗即可恢复。The lab‑scale upflow AnDMBR and AnMBR were equipped with nylon mesh and microfiltration(MF)membrane to treat domestic wastewater.The filtration performance,pollutants removal,sludge and cake layer characteristics of the bioreactors were compared.The results showed that the turbidity removal of AnDMBR(94%)was lower than that of AnMBR(98%).The COD removal rates and methane production rates of the two reactors were similar,but dissolved methane accounted for about 60%-80%of the total methane production.The increase rate of trans‑membrane pressure(TMP)of AnMBR(0.91-1.70 kPa/d)was much higher than that of AnDMBR(0.01-0.06 kPa/d).There was no significant difference in extracellular polymer(EPS)content between the two reactors at the end of operation.However,the EPS content in the cake layer of AnMBR was 2.3-2.7 times that of AnDMBR,so the fouling of MF membrane was more serious.The flux of the MF membrane could be effectively restored by physical and chemical cleaning,whereas the flux of the dynamic membrane could be restored only by physical cleaning.

关 键 词：厌氧动态膜生物反应器 厌氧膜生物反应器 生活污水 过滤性能 产甲烷 污泥性质 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]