白桦半同胞家系纸浆材优良家系选择及选择方法评价  

Selection of Excellent Families and Evaluation of Selection Method for Pulpwood Half-sibling Families of Betula platyphylla

作　　者：陈柄华 张杰[1] 刘桂丰[1] 李思婷 高元科[1] 李慧玉[1] 李天芳 CHEN Binghua;ZHANG Jie;LIU Guifeng;LI Siting;GAO Yuanke;LI Huiyu;LI Tianfang(State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Breeding,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040;Heilongjiang Forestry Research Institute,Harbin 150040;Forestry Bureau of Yongji County,Yongji 132200)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林木遗传育种国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江省林业科学研究所,哈尔滨150040 [3]吉林省永吉县林业局,永吉132200

出　　处：《植物研究》2023年第5期690-699,共10页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD2200105)。

摘　　要：通过对白桦(Betula platyphylla)半同胞家系生长和纸浆材性状的遗传变异规律研究,筛选出优良的纸浆材家系,为白桦材性遗传改良提供理论基础。以7年生32个白桦半同胞家系为试材,对各个家系生长和木材性状进行方差分析、计算遗传参数,并估算配合力,采用多种选择方法进行优良家系选择并且评价优良亲本。结果表明:家系间的生长和木材性状均达到了极显著差异水平(P<0.01),且家系遗传力处于0.71~1.00,单株遗传力在2.0~3.0,表型变异系数处于5.88%~49.84%。胸径、树高、材积3个性状之间达到了极显著强正相关关系(r值:0.70~0.97),纤维长宽比与纤维长度之间存在极显著强正相关关系(r值:0.69),与纤维宽度存在极显著强负相关关系(r值:-0.76)。利用一般配合力进行优良亲本评价,材积、基本密度、纤维长度的一般配合力分别是-0.0011~0.0010、-0.04~0.07、-112.09~77.36,选择出A13、A12、A21、A24四个家系的母本属于优良亲本。通过布雷金多性状综合分析法、主成分分析法和育种值评价法进行优良家系评价,比较3个方法的优劣,最终选择出5个优良纸浆材家系,入选家系的材积和综纤维素平均遗传增益分别达到12.97%和3.40%。选择出A12、A17、A23、A19、A1为优良纸浆材家系,为进一步选育白桦速生纸浆材良种提供材料。To provide the theoretical basis for genetic improvement of Betula platyphylla,the genetic variation of the growth and wood characters of B.platyphylla half-sibling families were studied,and the excellent pulp families were selected,and 32 seven-year-old half-sibling families were measured respectively,and the growth and wood characters of each family were analyzed by ANOVA,genetic parameters were calculated and general combining ability was estimated,multiple selection methods were used to select excellent families and evaluate excellent parents.The results showed that there were significant differences(P<0.01)in growth and wood characters among families,and the family heritability was 0.71-1.00,the heritability per plant was 2.0-3.0,the coefficient of variation ranged from 5.88%to 49.84%.There was a significantly and strongly positive correlation among DBH,tree height and volume(r:0.70-0.97),and fiber length to width ratio had a significantly and strongly positive correlation with the fiber length(r:0.69),while it had a significantly and strongly negative correlation with the fiber width(r:-0.76).The general combining ability was used to evaluate the excellent parents,and the general combining ability ranges of volume,basic density and fiber length were-0.0011-0.0010,-0.04-0.07 and-112.09-77.36,respectively.The maternal parents of A13,A12,A21 and A24 were selected as excellent parents,and three different selection methods,including Brekin multi-trait comprehensive analysis method,principal component analysis method and breeding value method,were used to select the excellent family.After comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the three methods,five excellent pulp families were selected,and the average genetic gain of volume and cellulose reached 12.97%and 3.40%,respectively.A12,A17,A23,A19,A1 were selected as the excellent pulpwood families,which provided material for further breeding of improved varieties of fast-growing B.platyphylla.

关 键 词：白桦 半同胞家系 纸浆材 选择方法评价 母本评价 

分 类 号：S792.153[农业科学—林木遗传育种]