基于无壳孵化黄喉拟水龟胚胎发育活体观察  

OBSERVATION OF EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE ASIAN YELLOW POUND TURTLE(MAUREMYS MUTICA) BASED ON SHELLLESS INCUBATION

作　　者：徐昊旸 洪孝友[1] 魏成清[1] 刘毅辉[1] 李伟[1] 朱新平[1] 刘晓莉 XU Hao-Yang;HONG Xiao-You;WEI Chen-Qing;LIU Yi-Hui;LI Wei;ZHU Xin-Ping;LIU Xiao-Li(Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangzhou 510380,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所,农业农村部热带亚热带水产资源利用与养殖重点实验室,广州510380 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2023年第11期1869-1876,共8页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2022A1515012274和2020A1515110659);广州市科技计划项目(201904010172和202206010070);中国-东盟海上合作基金(CAMC-2018F);中国水产科学研究院(珠江水产研究所)科技创新团队(2020TD35和2020ZJTD01)资助。

摘　　要：文章以黄喉拟水龟(Mauremys mutica)受精卵为材料,通过无壳孵化技术,对黄喉拟水龟胚胎发育进行活体观察,并记录胚胎发育全过程。在孵化温度为(32±0.5)℃时,孵化期平均为54d。在没有卵壳、没有外界水分和氧气的情况下,黄喉拟水龟胚胎能够完成发育全过程并成功孵出稚龟。根据胚胎发育的形态特征、时间将整个发育过程划分为1—19期。1—7期以卵黄囊血管丛、心脏形态与跳动作为分期依据;而8—19期主要以头部、四肢、背甲、颜色和尿囊等作为分期依据。无壳孵化技术在龟类胚胎发育观察中的成功应用,显示其有广泛的潜在应用前景。Shellless hatching technology has been widely used in the field of bird artificial hatching,but it is rarely reported in reptiles.In this paper,the fertilized eggs of the Asian yellow pound turtle(Mauremys mutica) were used as the material,the embryo development of Mauremys mutica was observed in vivo and the whole process of embryo development was recorded.When the incubation temperature is(32±0.5)℃,the incubation period is 54d on average.Under the condition of shellless,without external water and oxygen,the embryos of Mauremys mutica can complete the whole process of development and successfully hatch young turtles.According to the morphological characteristics and time of embryonic development,the whole development process is divided into 19 stages.Stages 1—7 are based on the vascular plexus of the yolk sac,the shape and beating of the heart as staging criteria;and the main staging criteria for stages 8—19 are the head,limbs,back armor,color,and allantoic sac.This study demonstrates that the calcium source of the egg shell is not essential for embryonic development of turtles.The water content of the egg itself can meet the needs of the entire embryonic development process.Moreover,turtle embryos have extremely strong resistance to hypoxia.The successful application of shellless hatching technology in the observation of turtle embryo development shows that it has a broad potential application prospect.Shellless hatching technology is expected to become a new ideal experimental model.Based on the simple and convenient operation methods,turtle embryo models can be mass-produced for application in basic and applied scientific research fields.

关 键 词：无壳孵化 胚胎发育 活体观察 黄喉拟水龟 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]