基于生态功能评价的盘锦湿地景观格局优化研究  

Optimization of Landscape Pattern of Panjin Wetland Based on Ecological Function Evaluation

作　　者：成遣[1] 陈福江 王铁良[1] 郭成久[1] CHENG Qian;CHEN Fu-jiang;WANG Tie-iang;GUO Cheng-jiu(College of Water Resource,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学水利学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2023年第4期456-465,共10页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31570706)。

摘　　要：景观格局的不断变化会影响其内部生态功能的发挥,而生态功能的变化又会对景观格局产生影响,两者密不可分。为优化配置盘锦湿地资源,充分发挥其自身的生态功能,选取盘锦湿地为研究对象,以遥感影像为基础数据,利用遥感和GIS技术分析了1989-2020年间盘锦湿地面积变化对景观格局的影响,并在此基础上采用MCR模型,优化盘锦湿地的景观格局。结果表明:1989-2020年,盘锦湿地的景观结构和面积发生明显变化。自然湿地比例由35.960%下降到25.644%,人工湿地面积由46.271%增加到55.056%,湿地内部人类活动越发频繁;2020年盘锦湿地的生态功能总价值为185.44×10~8元。其中,物质生产功能和历史文化功能的生态功能值价值较大,分别为102.31×10~8元和49.35×10~8元,物质生产功能和历史文化功能是盘锦湿地生态功能中的主导功能;研究区中西北部的芦苇、水田与旱地交界处和西南部的滩涂与养殖塘交界处是景观优化的关键区域,对景观连通性的影响最大;建设性地将盘锦湿地景观优化分区为维护区、恢复区、强化区和保护区,为其他滨海湿地景观格局的优化研究提供了科学参考。研究结果为滨海湿地的科学管理和规划提供的科学依据,同时也丰富了滨海湿地在景观格局优化领域的研究。The changing landscape pattern will affect the internal ecological functions,and the changes in ecological functions will affect the landscape pattern,and the two are inextricably linked.In order to optimise the allocation of resources of Panjin Wetland and to give full play to its ecological functions,Panjin wetland was selected as the research object,and the effects of landscape area changes on wetland patterns between 1989 and 2020 were analyzed using remote sensing and GIS techniques,and the MCR model was used to construct a method for optimizing wetland landscape patterns based on the ecological function values of Panjin wetland,and to analyse its effects.The results show that,from 1989 to 2020,the landscape structure and area of Panjin wetland changed significantly.The proportion of natural wetland decreased from 35.960% to 25.644%,and the area of artificial wetland increased from46.271% to 55.056% with more frequent human activities in Panjin wetland.The total value of ecological functions of Panjin wetland in 2020 is 185.44 × 10~8 yuan.Among them,the material production function and the historical and cultural function are the most important ecological functions in the region,with their ecological function values of 102.31 × 10~8 yuan and 49.35 × 10~8 yuan,respectively.The junction of reed,paddy field and dry land in the northwest and the junction of beach and farming pond in the southwest are the key areas for optimization and have the greatest impact on landscape connectivity.The constructive zoning of Panjin wetland landscape optimization into maintenance,restoration,enhancement and protection zones provides a scientific reference for other studies on the optimization of coastal wetland landscape patterns.The results of the study provide a scientific basis for the scientific management and planning of coastal wetlands,and also enrich the research on coastal wetlands.

关 键 词：湿地 生态功能 连通性 优化 

分 类 号：X37[环境科学与工程—环境工程]