江西省樟树溃疡病病原鉴定与室内药剂筛选  

Identification of Canker Disease Pathogens on Camphor Trees and Laboratory Screening of Fungicides in Jiangxi Province

作　　者：张海燕[1] 李达 李冬[2] 张杰[1] 赵姣[1] 张北红[1] 栾丰刚[2] ZHANG Haiyan;LI Da;LI Dong;ZHANG Jie;ZHAO Jiao;ZHANG Beihong;LUAN Fenggang(Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed-breeding and Utilization of Camphor Trees,Nanchang Institute of Technology,Nanchang 330099,China;Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed(JXAU),Nanchang 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌工程学院、江西省樟树繁育与开发利用工程中心,江西南昌330099 [2]江西农业大学、国家林业和草原局鄱阳湖流域森林生态系统保护与修复重点实验室,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《生物灾害科学》2023年第3期271-279,共9页Biological Disaster Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060333);江西省科技厅重点研发计划(20181ACF60002);江西省科学技术厅青年项目(20212BAB215025)。

摘　　要：【目的】樟树溃疡病主要危害幼龄樟树枝干部,严重影响樟树的生长。明确江西省樟树溃疡病的病原菌种类及评估5种农药对病原菌的药效尤为必要。【方法】本研究采集了江西省3个地区典型的樟树枝干溃疡病标本,采用组织分离法获得分离物,通过致病性试验明确病原菌,采用形态与分子生物技术鉴定病原菌种类,进一步测定了5种杀菌剂对病原菌的毒力。【结果】江西省樟树溃疡病病原菌为葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria dothidea)和新壳梭孢(Neofusicoccum parvum);最适生长温度为20~30℃,超过35℃生长受到抑制;杀菌剂毒力试验结果表明,98%多菌灵可湿性粉剂对两种病原菌的菌落抑制效果较好,EC_(50)分别为0.01和0.015mg/L,其次为95%己唑醇。【结论】研究结果可为江西樟树溃疡病病原菌种类分析提供技术支撑,并为综合防治策略提供参考。[Objective]This study aimed to investigate the pathogenic microorganisms responsible for canker formation on camphor trees in Jiangxi Province and evaluate the efficacy of five different fungicides against these pathogens.[Method]Representative specimens of camphor trunk canker from three different regions were collected and analyzed within Jiangxi Province.Pathogenic isolates were obtained through the issue isolation,and their pathogenicity was assessed following Koch’s postulates.The taxonomic identification of the pathogenic bacteria was conducted based on morphological characteristics and analysis of polygenic loci.[Result]The findings revealed that Botryosphaeria dothidea and Neofusicoccum parvum were identified as the pathogens responsible for the camphor canker disease in Jiangxi Province.The optimal temperature range for the growth of both pathogenic microorganisms was determined to be between 20-30℃,with growth being significantly inhibited at temperatures exceeding 35℃.Hence,the high temperatures during summer were not conducive to the growth of these pathogens.However,the transitional period between spring and summer was identified as a favorable timeframe for the pathogenesis.Furthermore,the efficacy of five fungicides against the two pathogenic microorganisms was assessed in the study.Indoor agent screening experiments revealed that 98%carbendazim wettable powder displayed significant inhibitory effects on both B.dothidea and N.parvum,with EC_(50)values of 0.01 mg/L and 0.015 mg/L,respectively.Subsequently,95%hexaconazole exhibited notable efficacy.[Conclusion]The findings of this study established a solid theoretical foundation for comprehending the pathogenesis of canker on camphor trees and provided valuable insights into the development of integrated disease control strategies.

关 键 词：樟树 溃疡病 葡萄座腔菌 新壳梭孢 

分 类 号：S763.7[农业科学—森林保护学]