基于数据有限方法的日本鲭生活史参数估算和资源状态评价  

Estimation of life history traits and stock status for Scomber japonicus based on data-limited method

作　　者：周雨霏 邓佳怡 麻秋云 叶深[4,5] ZHOU Yufei;DENG Jiayi;MA Qiuyun;YE Shen(College of Marine Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Distant-water Fisheries Engineering Research Center,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai 201306,China;Zhejiang Maricultural Research Institute,Wenzhou 325005,Zhejiang,China;Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Preservation of Offshore Bio-resource,Wenzhou 325005,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [3]大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [4]浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所,浙江温州325005 [5]浙江省近岸水域生物资源开发与保护重点实验室,浙江温州325005

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2023年第8期2249-2258,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32202934);2016—2020年浙江省渔业资源专项调查项目(158053)资助。

摘　　要：现阶段,东海传统的渔业种类普遍缺乏年龄结构数据,数据有限方法的应用对于研究生活史特征和种群状态都十分重要。日本鲭是浙江南部近海海域的优势物种之一,本研究依据2016—2020年该海域的渔业资源调查数据,利用基于叉长数据的数据有限方法估算日本鲭生活史参数,同时利用单位补充量渔获量模型(YPR)评估了日本鲭的资源状态。结果表明:1606尾日本鲭样品的叉长(L)和体重(W)的关系为W=4.18×10^(-3)L^(3.28)(R^(2)=0.96);日本鲭von Bertalanffy生长方程中的渐近叉长为28.34 cm,生长速率为0.36 a^(-1),理论初始年龄为-0.40 a。现阶段,日本鲭的总死亡系数为1.67 a^(-1),自然死亡系数(M)为0.85 a^(-1),捕捞死亡系数(F)为0.82 a^(-1),开发率为0.49。当前开捕年龄为1.78 a,开捕叉长为15.44 cm。YPR模型结果显示,随着F增大,YPR值呈现先上升后下降的趋势,生物学参考点F_(0.1)和F_(max)的值分别为0.97 a^(-1)和4.55 a^(-1),均大于现在的捕捞死亡系数。M的敏感性分析表明,M的不确定性对YPR和相关生物学参考点的估计结果影响较大。M的减小会使YPR值明显增加,但F_(0.1)和F_(max)明显降低。当前日本鲭资源状况良好,但渔获小型化现象加剧,建议开捕叉长取拐点年龄对应的叉长20 cm,提高渔获质量,从而更好地开发与利用日本鲭资源。The age-structure data is usually unavailable for most traditional fishery species in the East China Sea.The data-limited method is thus particularly important to understand life history and population dynamics of commercial fishes.At the offshore waters of southern Zhejiang,Chub mackerel(Scomber japonicus)is one of the dominant economic species.Based on fork length data from 2016 to 2020,we estimated its life history traits with the data-limited method,including the growth parameters and mortality coefficients.We further evaluated the status of Chub mackerel by the yield per recruitment(YPR)model.The results showed that the relationship between fork length(L)and body weight(W)based on 1606 samples was estimated to be W=4.18×10^(-3)L^(3.28)(R^(2)=0.96).The asymptotic fork length L∞of Chub mackerel was 28.34 cm,the growth rate was 0.36 a^(-1),and the initial theoretical age was-0.40 a.The total mortality was estimated as 1.67 a^(-1),and the estimated natural mortality(M)was 0.85 a^(-1).The fishing mortality(F)was 0.82 a^(-1),and the development rate was 0.49.The current capture age was estimated to be 1.78 a,while the capture fork length was 15.44 cm.The YPR model results showed YPR value showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing with the increases of F.The values of biological reference points F_(0.1)and F_(max)were 0.97 a^(-1)and 4.55 a^(-1),respectively,which were higher than the value of current F.The sensitivity analysis showed that the uncertainty of M greatly influenced the estimation results of YPR and biological reference points.A decrease in M significantly increased the YPR value,but F_(0.1)and F_(max)decreased.The status of Chub mackerel stock at the offshore waters of southern Zhejiang is in good condition.However,the miniaturization of catch is intensifying.It is recommended to extend the capture fork length to 20 cm(the impact point age)to improve the quality of the catch,which would sustainably use the Chub mackerel resources.

关 键 词：东海 数据有限方法 中上层鱼类 单位补充量渔获量 生物学参考点 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]