虚拟生态技术:概念、体系与应用展望  

Virtual ecological technology:Concepts,systems,and application perspectives

作　　者：谢潇[1,4,5] 伍庭晨 曹蓓蕾 李京忠 薛冰[1,4,5] XIE Xiao;WU Tingchen;CAO Beilei;LI Jingzhong;XUE Bing(Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China;Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 611756,China;College of Urban and Environment Sciences,Xuchang University,Xuchang 461000,Henan,China;Liaoning Province Key Lab for Environmental Computation and Sustainability,Shenyang 110016,China;Weifang Institute of Modern Agriculture and Ecological Environment,Weifang 261071,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [2]西南交通大学地球科学与环境工程学院,成都611756 [3]许昌学院城市与环境学院,河南许昌461000 [4]辽宁省环境计算与可持续发展重点实验室,沈阳110016 [5]潍坊现代农业与生态环境研究院,山东潍坊261071

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2023年第8期2297-2304,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院区域发展青年学者项目(2021-003);辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目(2022JH2/101300257);沈阳市中青年科技创新人才支持计划项目(RC210502);潍坊市科技计划项目(2021ZJ1134);山东省人才计划项目(tsqn202103159)资助。

摘　　要：虚拟生态技术是构建数字化生态系统底座、模拟生态演化过程并建立其在统一时空基准下全局知识分析体系的新技术,是生态学和地理信息科学、计算机科学等多学科交叉融合向现代化、信息化和智能化发展的新方向。研究、发展和应用虚拟生态技术,对生态学学科发展、生态系统管理及区域可持续发展具有重要意义。目前,虚拟生态技术的研究总体处于起步阶段,仍缺乏完备和边界清晰的定义、体系,难以支撑系统性迭代发展和科学性分析。本文从现代生态学主要理论和目的出发,总结了虚拟生态建设的主要内容及技术需求,重点提出了结合虚拟地理环境和数字孪生体技术的虚拟生态关键技术体系,并从应用场景角度分析了虚拟生态技术在大气污染、能源分析中的应用能力,最后,从局部计算点突破和全局技术点融合两方面总结新一代信息技术背景下虚拟生态技术在生态环境全局数字化建设、智能化计算、真实化表达等不同层次递进的发展潜力,丰富和发展支撑我国生态空间资源转型的技术能力。Virtual ecological technology is a new technology that builds the foundation of a digital ecological system,simulates the process of ecological evolution,and establishes a global knowledge analysis system based on a unified spatio-temporal benchmark.It is a new direction for the interdisciplinary integration and development of eco-logy,geographic information science,computer science and other subjects towards modernization,informatization,and intelligence.Research,development,and application of virtual ecological technology is of great significance for the development of ecology as a discipline,ecosystem management,and regional sustainable development.Curren-tly,research on virtual ecological technology is still in its infancy and lacks a complete and clearly defined framework,making it difficult to support systematic iterative development and scientific analysis.In this paper,starting from the main theories and objectives of modern ecology,we summarized the main contents and technical requirements of virtual ecological construction,and proposed a key technical system of virtual ecology that integrated vir-tual geography and digital twin technology.From the perspective of application scenarios,we analyzed the application capabilities of virtual ecological technology in air pollution and energy analysis.Finally,we summarized the deve-lopment potential of virtual ecological technology in the digital construction of the ecological environment,intelligent computing,and realistic expression of different levels of ecological space resources transformation under the background of new generation of information technology,both at the local computing point breakthrough and the global technology point fusion aspects.This would enrich and advance the technical capabilities that support China's ecological space resource transformation.

关 键 词：虚拟生态技术 虚拟地理环境 时空数字孪生 关键技术体系 应用展望 

分 类 号：X32[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]