从“拟人归因”到“联盟建立”:人与聊天机器人关系对参与度的影响  

From anthropomorphic attribution to alliance establishment:The effect of human-chatbot relationships on engagement

作　　者：磨然 方建东 常保瑞[1,2,3] MO Ran;FANG Jiandong;CHANG Baorui(Department of Psychology,Faculty of Education,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541006,China;Key Lab of Education Blockchain and Intelligent Technology,Ministry of Education,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin,541004,China;Guangxi Ethnic Education Development Research Center,Key research base of Humanities and Social Sciences in Guangxi Universities,Guilin 541006,China)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学教育学部心理学系,桂林541006 [2]广西师范大学教育区块链与智能技术教育部重点实验室,桂林541004 [3]广西高校人文社会科学重点研究基地广西民族教育发展研究中心,桂林541006

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2023年第9期1742-1755,共14页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：2023年度广西高等教育本科教学改革工程一般项目(2023JGA131)资助。

摘　　要：随着人工智能(Artificial Intelligence,AI)技术的迅猛发展,AI聊天机器人可模拟人类指导以改善在线自助干预(Internet-based Self-help Interventions,ISIs)中用户的参与度及疗效。然而,学界对聊天机器人作用机制的探索尚处初期阶段。因此,为加深对这一问题的理性认识,文章基于人机关系的视角提出了适应ISIs情境的理论模型:聊天机器人可与用户经历拟人归因、功利性价值判断、发展依恋关系、建立数字治疗联盟(Digital Therapeutic Alliance,DTA)这4个阶段来逐步发展人与聊天机器人关系(Human−Chatbot Relationships,HCRs),并通过HCRs提高用户参与度。未来研究可继续丰富HCRs的相关理论并检验其内在机制,基于HCRs理论来设计聊天机器人,深入考察影响HCRs的额外变量,统一参与度的操作定义并开发适合的参与度测量工具。AI chatbots can replicate human guidance to improve user engagement and efficacy in internet-based self-help interventions(ISIs),thanks to the rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI)technology.However,the study of chatbots’mechanisms is still in its early stages.To deepen the rational understanding of this issue,we propose a theoretical model based on the human-computer relationship that adapts to the ISIs situation:chatbots can develop human-chatbot relationships(HCRs)through the four stages of anthropomorphic attribution,utilitarian value judgment,attachment relationship development and the establishment of digital therapeutic alliance(DTA)to improve user engagement.In future research,there is a need to further enrich and evaluate the key HCRs theories,construct chatbots based on the HCRs theory,examine additional variables that affect HCRs,unify operational definitions of engagement,and develop appropriate engagement measurement methods.

关 键 词：聊天机器人 参与度 人与聊天机器人关系 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]