成人和儿童斑秃患者心理状态及生活质量的质性研究  

Qualitative study of mental state and quality of life in adults and children with alopecia areata

作　　者：周丽英 杨月华 朱晓杨 姜伟伟 庞天平 范鑫柔 刘玲 陈杨 ZHOU Li-ying;YANG Yue-hua;ZHU Xiao-yang(Dermatology Department,The 72nd Army group Hospital,Huzhou 313000,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军第七十二集团军医院皮肤科,313000

出　　处：《中国实用医药》2023年第16期139-142,共4页China Practical Medicine

摘　　要：目的评价成人和儿童斑秃患者的心理状态和生活质量。方法160例斑秃患者,其中成人118例,儿童42例。对成人斑秃患者采用皮肤病生活质量指数(DLQI)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、自杀风险评估量表(NGASR)进行调查,对儿童斑秃患者采用儿童皮肤病生活质量指数(CDLQI)、儿童抑郁障碍自评量表(DSRS)进行调查分析。比较成人和儿童斑秃患者生活质量受损程度,分析斑秃患者患病情况、精神心理状况及成人和儿童斑秃患者脱发严重程度工具(SALT)评分与精神心理状况、生活质量的关系。结果成人斑秃患者的平均DLQI评分为(7.24±5.10)分,儿童斑秃患者平均CDLQI评分为(4.69±0.96)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。成人斑秃患者存在生活质量受损77.1%(91/118)与儿童斑秃患者的76.1%(32/42)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。成人斑秃患者根据SAS和SDS评估,有52.5%(62/118)的患者存在抑郁,41.5%(49/118)的患者存在焦虑,共有66.9%(79/118)的成人斑秃患者有一定程度的抑郁或(伴)焦虑。所有存在抑郁或(伴)焦虑的患者建议患者或家属于精神科或心理科诊治,根据随访这些患者中有30.4%(24/79)进行了药物治疗。NGASR提示10.2%(12/118)的成人斑秃患者存在自杀风险。根据DSRS评估只有7.1%(3/42)的儿童提示有抑郁症状。成人斑秃患者精神心理状况发生率高于儿童患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随着SALT严重程度增高,成人和儿童的生活质量受损评分增高,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论成人斑秃患者相比儿童斑秃患者更可能出现生活质量受损、抑郁焦虑症状及自杀倾向,且与斑秃的严重程度可能无关。Objective To evaluate the mental state and quality of life in adults and children with alopecia areata.Methods There were 160 patients with alopecia areata,including 118 adults and 42 children.Adult patients with alopecia areata were investigated by Dermatology Life Quality Index(DLQI),Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS)and Nurses'Global Assessment of Suicide Risk(NGASR),and child patients with alopecia areata were investigated by Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index(CDLQI)and Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children(DSRS).The degree of impairment of quality of life in adult and child patients with alopecia areata was compared.The disease status and mental and psychological status of patients with alopecia areata were analyzed,as well as the correlation of severity of alopecia tool(SALT)score with mental and psychological status and quality of life in adults and children with alopecia areata.Results The average DLQI score of adult patients with alopecia areata was(7.24±5.10)points,while the average CDLQI score of child patients with alopecia areata was(4.69±0.96)points,and the differences was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in quality of life between adult patients[77.1%(91/118)]and child patients[76.1%(32/42)](P>0.05).According to SAS and SDS,52.5%(62/118)of adults with alopecia areata had depression,41.5%(49/118)had anxiety,and 66.9%(79/118)had some degree of depression or anxiety.All patients with depression or anxiety were referred to a psychiatric or psychological department,and 30.4%(24/79)of these patients received medication based on follow-up.NGASR suggests that 10.2%(12/118)of adult patients with alopecia areata were at risk of suicide,and only 7.1%(3/42)of children suggested depressive symptoms according to the DSRS assessment.The incidence of adverse mental and psychological status in adult patients with alopecia areata was higher than that in child patients with alopecia areata,and the difference was statisticall

关 键 词：斑秃 生活质量 抑郁 焦虑 

分 类 号：R758.71[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]