中日东海共同开发两个重要分歧的法理分析  

Legal Analysis on Two Important Differences of China-Japan Joint Development in the East China Sea

作　　者：祁怀高 Qi Huaigao

机构地区：[1]复旦大学国际问题研究院,上海200433

出　　处：《日本研究》2023年第2期36-45,共10页Japan Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“越菲南海共同开发政策的比较及中国的对策研究”(项目编号:20BGJ081)。

摘　　要：中日两国于2008年6月达成的《中日东海问题原则共识》,确定了一个面积约2700平方千米的共同开发区块。两国虽然就东海问题达成了原则共识,但仍存在两个重要分歧:一是“区块”跨越“中间线”是否意味着中国接受或承认日方所谓的“中间线”主张?二是“中间线”以西中国已开发的油气田是否为共同开发对象海域的一部分?由于上述分歧的存在,两国东海共同开发迄今仍未成功实现。关于第一个分歧,东海“区块”跨越“中间线”,但这并不意味着中国接受或承认日方所谓“中间线”主张。关于第二个分歧,中国认为,“中间线”以西中国已开发的油气田位于“无争议”的中国管辖海域,日本企业依据中国法律参与合作。中日落实2008年《中日东海问题原则共识》,需要就两个重要分歧达成谅解,未来也需要探讨更大范围重叠海域共同开发的问题。The Principled Consensus on the East China Sea Issue(Principled Consensus),reached in June 2008,identified a joint development block covering an area of about 2,700 square kilometers.Although China and Japan have reached the Principled Consensus,there are still two important differences.Does the block straddling the median line mean that China accepts or recognizes Japan's socalled"median line"?Are China's developed oil and gas fields west of the"median line"part of the sea area for joint development?Due to theabove differences,the China-Japan joint development in the East China Sea has not been successfully realized so far.With regard to the former difference,the"median line"goes through the block in the East China Sea,but it does not mean that China accepts or recognizes Japan's claim on the so-called"median line".As for the latter difference,China argues that China's developed oil and gas fields west of the"median line"lie in undisputed waters under Chinese jurisdiction,and Japanese companies should participate in the development of the gas field in accordance with Chinese laws.To implement the Principled Consensus,China and Japan need to reach an understanding on above important differences,with a discussionon joint development of larger overlapping sea areas in the future.

关 键 词：《中日东海问题原则共识》 东海共同开发 “中间线” 

分 类 号：D83[政治法律—政治学] D87[政治法律—外交学]