深水型水库水质因子与藻类群落垂向演替及水华爆发机制分析  

Insights of water quality factors and algal community vertical succession and outbreak mechanism in deep-water reservoir

作　　者：谭文明 李惠平 邱宇 方磊 江梅 黄生 郑震 谢丽[1] 庞维海[1] TAN Wenming;LI Huiping;QIU Yu;FANG Lei;JIANG Mei;HUANG sheng;ZHENG Zhen;XIE Li;PANG Weihai(The Yangtze River Water Environment Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education,College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Fujian Jinhuang Environmental Sci-Tech Co.,Ltd.,Fuzhou,Fujian 350013;Putian Municipal Ecology and Environment Bureau,Putian 351100,China;Fuzhou Academy of Environmental Sciences,Fuzhou 350000,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,长江水环境教育部重点实验室,上海200092 [2]福建省金皇环保科技有限公司,福州350013 [3]莆田市生态环境局,莆田351100 [4]福州市环境科学研究院,福州350000

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2023年第6期2027-2036,共10页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3200805);福建省环保科技计划项目(2021R015)。

摘　　要：将莆田市东圳水库垂向划分为表层、中层、和深层,研究其藻类群落的分布特征及其受环境因子影响的演变规律,进而明晰“水华”爆发机制。结果表明,水库中共检出浮游藻类7门39属,群落结构主要以蓝藻、绿藻、硅藻和隐藻为主,在不同季节沿水库垂向分布呈现显著差异性。表层和中层水体中优势藻类为绿藻门和蓝藻门,受水温、光照、DO和TN影响;深层水体优势藻类为硅藻和隐藻,主要受水温和TN影响。对水库中营养盐分析结果表明,东圳水库N/P平均值达到32.4,呈典型磷限制性特征,水库氮污染主要来自农业面源输入和内源释放。底泥中氮类物质易于在夏季分层期发生释放,并与DO结合发生形态转化后输入至上层水体,由此导致“水华”现象的发生。针对东圳水库水华防范与治理,需严格防控点源和农业面源污染,并建设水力扰动设施以及增设原位修复装置等措施,全方位防控水华现象的发生。本研究通过分析东圳水库藻类功能组时空演替,有助于确定东圳水库藻类爆发机制,可为水库藻类治理、水环境生态保护提供参考。The spatial succession of algae is closely related to environmental factors.In order to investigate the spatial and temporal succession of algal functional groups and habitat changes in Putian Dongzhen Reservoir,this study delineated the vertical distribution characteristics of the algal community in the reservoir and explored the evolution of its influence by environmental factors,so as to clarify the mechanism of water bloom outbreak in Dongzhen Reservoir.The results showed that 7 phyla and 39 genera of planktonic algae were detected,and the community structure was mainly composed of cyanobacteria,green algae,diatoms and cryptoalgae.The vertical distribution showed significant difference in different seasons.Chlorophyta and cyanobacteria were the dominant algae in the surface(0.5 m) and middle(10 m) water bodies,which were mainly affected by water temperature,sun light,DO and TN.The dominant algae in the deep water(20 m) were diatoms and cryptoalgae,which were mainly affected by water temperature and TN.The average value of N/P in Dongzhen reservoir was 32.4,which showed a typical phosphorus limiting characteristic.The nitrogen pollution in reservoirs mainly came from agricultural surface inputs and endogenous releases.The nitrogen in the substrate was easily released during the summer stratification period of the reservoir.After combination with DO,the morphological transformation happened and the nitrogen was imported to the upper water body,which led to the occurence of "water bloom".In order to prevent and control water bloom in the Dongshen Reservoir,it was necessary to strictly prevent and control point source and agricultural surface source pollution,and construct hydraulic disturbance facilities and add in-situ restoration devices to prevent and control the occurrence of water bloom.By analyzing the temporal and spatial succession of algal functional groups in Dongzhen Reservoir,this study is helpful to determine the algal outbreak mechanism in Dongzhen Reservoir,and can provide reference for reservoir

关 键 词：深水型水库 水体分层 藻类群落 垂向演替 RDA分析 水华 

分 类 号：X703.5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]