窄长空间无线传感器网络节点部署策略研究  

Deployment strategy of wireless sensor network nodes in narrow and long space

作　　者：滕文想 何继鹏 刘鹏宇 TENG Wenxiang;HE Jipeng;LIU Pengyu(School of Mechanical Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China;State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mines,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Mining Intelligent Technology and Equipment,Huainan 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学机械工程学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]安徽理工大学深部煤矿采动响应与灾害防控国家重点实验室,安徽淮南232001 [3]矿山智能技术与装备协同创新中心,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《煤炭工程》2023年第7期151-157,共7页Coal Engineering

基　　金：安徽高校自然科学研究项目重点项目(KJ2020A0285);国家重点研发计划(2020YFB1314103)。

摘　　要：针对井下窄长空间无线传感器网络节点能耗不均衡问题,提出了3D线型WSNs等距不均匀分层部署策略。根据无线电通信原理,建立WSNs能量消耗模型和ITU-R P.1238路径损耗模型,将窄长空间抽象成线型网络空间,建立WSNs节点部署空间模型;基于能耗模型对空间进行等距分区,各分区采用分层部署网络拓扑结构即:窄长空间顶部节点采用不等密度部署方式,侧壁节点采用矩形结构部署方式,基于路径损耗模型,分析障碍物对本研究部署策略影响;结合传统LEACH协议,引入了一种概率函数,计算每个节点成为簇首节点的概率,利用改进的路由协议对分区内节点分簇;通过Matlab平台对所部署策略及空间存障的影响进行仿真分析。结果表明:所部署策略相较于其他的部署方式其网络能耗更低,各分区节点能耗更均衡,在部署节点数量上相较于其他部署方式节约了6%~7%,降低了部署成本及网络的能量消耗,解决了“能量空洞”的问题。ed into a linear network space to establish a network model.The space is divided into equidistant zones based on the energy consumption model,and each zone adopts a layered deployment network topology.The top nodes of the narrow and long space are deployed using a non-uniform density deployment method,while the side wall nodes are deployed using a rectangular structure deployment method.The impact of obstacles on the deployment strategy is analyzed based on the ITU-R P.1238 path loss model.Combining with the traditional LEACH protocol,a probability function is introduced to calculate the probability of each node becoming a cluster head node,and an improved routing protocol is used to cluster nodes within each zone.The impact of the deployment strategy and spatial obstacles is analyzed through simulation on the Matlab platform.The results show that the proposed deployment strategy has lower network energy consumption compared to other methods,and the energy consumption of nodes in each zone is more balanced.The proposed strategy saves 6%to 7%of the deployment node quantity compared to other methods,reducing deployment costs and network energy consumption,and solving the problem of“energy holes”.

关 键 词：分层拓扑结构 能耗均衡 改进的LEACH算法 二重覆盖 路径损耗 

分 类 号：TD679[矿业工程—矿山机电]