论中英山水自然诗的意境  

On the“Intended Scene”in Chinese and English Landscape Poetry

作　　者：吴伏生 WU Fusheng(College of Humanities,University of Utah,Salt Lake City,USA 84112)

机构地区：[1]美国犹他大学人文学院,犹他州盐湖城84112

出　　处：《中国文学研究》2023年第3期184-196,共13页Research of Chinese Literature

摘　　要：中英山水自然诗的一个共同特征,便是二者均把山水自然视为某种理念的体现与象征。在中国传统中,这一理念是指“运自然之妙有”的“道”与“理”,在西方,它则指宇宙规律与上帝或神的意志。为此,诗人在诗中描述与观照自然景物时,时常能够从中领悟到一种人生哲理与启迪。但是,在中国传统中,由于这种哲理被认为是“融”“结”于大自然当中,因此中国山水诗人所追求的,是一种融入景物之中的物我同一境界。而在英国自然诗中,由于受西方传统二元论思想的影响,自然景物通常被认为是一种表象,是通向理念与神性的途径与桥梁,最终要被超越甚至否定;为此,英国自然诗所呈现的,往往是一种物我两分的境界。A common feature between Chinese and English landscape poetry is that both regard nature as manifestations of an idea.In the Chinese tradition this idea is the“Dao/Way”or“Li/Principle”that runs through nature;in the West it is the universal law or the will of God.Therefore,when Chinese and English poets contemplate nature,they often discover a philosophical principle relevant to their life experiences.In the Chinese tradition,this principle is thought to reside in nature,hence Chinese poets seek to lose themselves into nature.In the English tradition,nature is thought to be only a steppingstone toward God or Heaven,so English poets often aim to transcend nature.These two attitudes produce two very distinct states or“intended scenes”in Chinese and English landscape poetry:in the former the poet and the scene are mostly integrated,whereas in the latter the two often remain separate and distinct.

关 键 词：山水诗 自然诗 意境 物我关系 

分 类 号：I106.2[文学—世界文学]