台湾地区当局“议会外交”刍议:行为主体、功能成效及主要特征  

On“Parliamentary Diplomacy”of the Taiwan Region Authority

作　　者：信强[1] 尹博 Xin Qiang;Yin Bo

机构地区：[1]复旦大学美国研究中心,上海200433 [2]复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院,上海200433

出　　处：《台湾研究集刊》2023年第4期45-61,共17页Taiwan Research Journal

基　　金：2021年度国家社科基金重大项目(21&ZD170)。

摘　　要：多年来,台湾地区立法机构积极致力于推动所谓的“议会外交”,为台湾地区当局开展对外交往、拓展“国际空间”发挥了重要作用。首先,从制度结构视角出发,重点分析立法机构负责人、以“外交国防委员会”为代表的各专门委员会,以及以对外联谊会为代表的非正式“立委”团体组织等台湾地区当局开展“议会外交”的行为主体;随后,从政策功能视角阐释台湾地区立法机构的“议会外交”行动在台当局巩固所谓“邦交关系”、发展与“非邦交国”的实质性关系、加强“国际参与”、拓展所谓“国际空间”等层面的意图与效果;在此基础上,再主要结合蔡英文当政以来台湾地区立法机构的对外交往实践,总结出台当局“议会外交”的四点主要特征:在目标结构.上形成了以“非邦交国”为主要着力点的差序格局;与行政当局“分进合击”并为实现所谓“外交突破”发挥重要作用;鼓励和推动“立委”对外联谊会等准正式、非正式团体组织发挥独特作用;在国际“亲台”势力的配合下“议会外交”已成为“迂回”拓展对外实质关系的重要抓手。Over the years,the legislature in Taiwan region has been actively engaging in the so-called“parliamentary diplomacy”,and it has played an important role in assisting the Taiwan Region authority in conducting foreign relations and expanding their“international space”.This paper begins by analyzing the actors involved in“parliamentary diplomacy”from an institutional perspective.Specifically,it focuses on“the Legislative Yuan”leadership,standing committees such as“Foreign Affairs and National Defense Committee”,and informal organizations like“parliamentary friendship groups”.Then,this paper takes a functional perspective to examine the major intentions and effects of“parliamentary diplomacy”by emphasizing its role in strengthening“diplomatic ties”,fostering substantive relations with“non-diplomatic allies”,enhancing“international participation”,and expanding its so-called“international space”.Drawing on Taiwan' legislative practices in foreign engagement during Tsai Ing-wen's tenure,the study identifies four key features of“parliamentary diplomacy”:first,it establishes a differential and hierarchical pattern to target primarily“non-diplomatic allies”.Second,it coordinates with the executive branch to achieve the so-called“diplomatic breakthroughs”.Third,it encourages the unique role of“Legislators Friendship Associations”and other quasi-official and informal groups.Fourth,it becomes a crucial approach to indirectly expanding substantive foreign relations with the cooperation of international“pro-Taiwan”forces.

关 键 词：台湾地区当局 “立法院” “议会外交” 

分 类 号：D675.8[政治法律—政治学]