黄河兰州段城市河道重金属污染特征及健康风险评价  

Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination from Urban River Surface Sediments in the Lanzhou Reach of the Yellow River

作　　者：李军 焦亮[2] 李开明 臧飞[3] 台喜生 周发元[1] 脱新颖 杨云钦 LI Jun;JIAO Liang;LI Kai-ming;ZANG Fei;TAI Xi-sheng;ZHOU Fa-yuan;TUO Xin-ying;YANG Yun-qin(College of Urban Environment,Lanzhou City University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州城市学院城市环境学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]西北师范大学甘肃省绿洲资源环境与可持续发展重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [3]兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2023年第15期81-88,共8页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：甘肃省科技计划项目(21JR1RA319);甘肃省绿洲资源环境与可持续发展重点实验室开放课题(GORS202102);甘肃省高等学校科研项目(2023A-116)。

摘　　要：为揭示黄河流域城市河道表层沉积物重金属污染特征及其人体健康风险,选择黄河兰州段城市河道表层沉积物为研究对象,分析其Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Hg和Pb的含量特征。通过污染因子指数法、污染程度指数法、污染负荷指数法和沉积物质量基准法,评价了沉积物重金属污染程度和潜在生物毒性,并利用健康风险评价模型评估重金属人体健康风险。结果表明,表层沉积物的Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Hg、Pb含量平均值分别为306.60、115.71、23.84、58.63、9.03、0.70、0.09、55.90 mg/kg,除Cu、Zn和Hg的污染程度相对较轻之外,其他重金属的污染较为严重,Cr和Ni对河道生物具有毒害效应,综合污染程度较高。沉积物重金属对成人和儿童不存在非致癌健康风险,但存在可接受的致癌健康风险,且整体上表现为儿童的暴露风险高于成人,需加强对儿童健康的监护。To reveal the contamination characteristics and health risk of heavy metals in the urban river surface sediments from the Yellow River basin,the present study determined the concentrations of 8heavy metal elements(Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Cd,Hg and Pb)in the urban river surface sediments from the Lanzhou reach of the Yellow River.The contamination factor,contamination degree,pollution load index,and sediment quality guidelines were employed to assess the contamination status and ecotoxicological risk of heavy metals in the sediments,and human health risk was evaluated based on the USEPA health risk assessment models.The results indicated that the mean contents of Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Cd,Hg and Pb were 306.60 mg/kg,115.71 mg/kg,23.84 mg/kg,58.63 mg/kg,9.03 mg/kg,0.70 mg/kg,0.09 mg/kg and 55.90 mg/kg,respectively.The contamination levels of Cu,Zn and Hg were low to moderate,while the contamination levels of Cr,Ni,As,Cd and Pb were considerable to very high contamination.Cr and Ni in the sediment posed adverse biological effects according to the sediment quality guideline,and the total contamination degree of the heavy metal was between considerable degree and very high degree.Health risk assessment indicated that heavy metal elements in the sediments did not pose a non-carcinogenic threat to children and adults,but posed an acceptable carcinogenic risk.Children are at greater risk than adults when exposed to heavy metals,and thus more attention should be paid to children's health.

关 键 词：黄河流域 城市河道表层沉积物 重金属 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]