美国海岸警卫队参与对华竞争的实践及影响(2015-2023)  

The US Coast Guard’s Practice of Engaging in Competition with China and Its Implications(2015-2023)

作　　者：况腊生 Kuang Lasheng

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军军事科学院

出　　处：《和平与发展》2023年第4期51-75,157,158,共27页Peace and Development

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“世界主要国家现行边海防体制研究”(项目编号:20BGL311)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：美国海岸警卫队作为美国唯一负责近海综合执法和国土防御的独立军种,近年来为执行围堵遏制中国的大国竞争战略,同时改变自身在美国军队中的弱势地位,着手将职能重心转向参与中美战略竞争,以“海洋执法”和分担海军“航行自由计划”为名,持续加强在中国周边海域的存在,不断实施对华滋扰挑衅活动,企图在“海上执法”等非传统安全领域谋取对华竞争优势,积极充当围堵遏制中国的海上“急先锋”。美国海岸警卫队的所作所为势将激化地区海洋矛盾,威胁地区安全稳定,甚至不排除引发中美间海上局部冲突的风险。同时,美国海岸警卫队参与对华竞争也面临诸多挑战和制约因素,未必能顺利实现其相关目的。Associate Research Fellow from the PLA Academy of Military Sciences.The US Coast Guard,as the only independent service responsible for integrated coastal law enforcement and homeland defense in the United States,has shifted its functional focus to participating in the great power competition between China and the United States and acts as the maritime“vanguard”force to contain China,under the name of“maritime law enforcement”and sharing the Navy’s“Freedom of Navigation Program”,in order to implement the US great power competition strategy of containing and suppressing China,change its weak position among all US services,and make up for the shortcomings of the United States in high-end competition with China.The US Coast Guard has actively participated in the competition with China by using“smart power”to win the victory in the low-end field of competition such as maritime law enforcement,which will not only seriously intensify regional maritime contradictions,but also threaten the regional security situation,including the risk of triggering a local maritime war between the US and China.In addition,the US Coast Guard’s participation in the competition with China also faces many challenges and problems,thus uneasy for it to successfully achieve its purpose and intent.

关 键 词：美国海岸警卫队 对华竞争 海上霸权 南海问题 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]