政党适应性视角下的精英治国与长期执政——基于新加坡人民行动党的经验分析  

Meritocracy and Long-term Governance from the Perspective of Party Adaptability--Based on the Experience of the People’s Action Party of Singapore

作　　者：王艺桦 郭剑峰 Wang Yihua

机构地区：[1]福建社科院现代台湾研究所 [2]深圳改革开放干部学院政党发展研究中心

出　　处：《和平与发展》2023年第4期138-155,160,共19页Peace and Development

摘　　要：新加坡的政治发展实践全面诠释了“有好领袖才会有好政府”的意涵,其精英治国制度化的形成与发展则是观察与理解新加坡发展道路的重要窗口。自第一任国家领导人李光耀延续至今,人民行动党在接班人及其团队的遴选、培养和交接等各个关键环节上都形成了较为成熟、系统且独特的工作机制。这使人民行动党的适应性得以提升,既维持了该党的长期执政地位,又保证了新加坡各项大政方针的延续性与稳定性。与往日稳定的政党发展环境不同,在新一轮代际交接之际,反对党的崛起、全球性经济危机以及后疫情时代的公共卫生与地区安全风险等诸多挑战,正成为以黄循财为领袖的新加坡人民行动党第四代领导团队所不得不面临的重大选举难题。同时,新加坡的精英治国机制能否因应形势变化而持续推进,也成为观测其政党长期执政能力建设的关键所在。Assistant Research Fellow at the Institute of Contemporary Taiwan Studies,Fujian Academy of Social Sciences;and Dr.Guo Jianfeng at the Institute of Taiwan Studies,Xiamen University.The political practice and development in Singapore fully interprets the meaning of“good leaders lead to good politics”,and the formation and development of the institutionalization of elite governance is an important window to observe and understand the development path of Singapore.Since its first national leader Lee Kuan Yew,the People’s Action Party has formed a relatively mature,systematic and unique working mechanism in selecting and training political successors and their teams as well as the handover of power.This has improved the adaptability of the People’s Action Party,which not only maintains the long-term ruling status of the party,but also ensures the continuity and stability of various major policies in Singapore.Different from the stable development environment for the party in the past,in the new round of generation transition,the rise of opposition parties,the global economic crisis,the public health issues and regional security risks in the post-epidemic era as well as other challenges are becoming major election problems that the fourth generation of leadership team of the People’s Action Party with Lawrence Wong as the head has to face.At the same time,whether Singapore’s elite governance mechanism can continue to advance in response to changes in the situation has become the key to observe the party’s ability to enhance its long-term governance capability.

关 键 词：精英治国 长期执政 人民行动党 政党适应性 制度化 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]