混凝沉淀-超滤-消毒组合工艺对二级出水中条件致病菌的去除效能及风险评价  

Removal Efficiency and Risk Evaluation of Typical Opportunistic Pathogens from Secondary Effluent Water by Coagulation-precipitation-ultrafiltration-disinfection Combination Process

作　　者：孙丽华[1] 王春芳 童浩 邓斯 SUN Li-hua;WANG Chun-fang;TONG Hao;DENG Si(Key Laboratory of Urban Rainwater System and Water Environment,Ministry of Education,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China;School of Environmental and Energy Engineering,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China;Green City Leju Construction Management Group Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310012,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学城市雨水系统与水环境教育部重点实验室,北京100044 [2]北京建筑大学环境与能源工程学院,北京100044 [3]绿城乐居建设管理集团有限公司,杭州310012

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2023年第24期10585-10595,共11页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52070011)。

摘　　要：再生水回用是解决水资源危机的重要途径,但污水厂二级出水中存在的大量条件致病菌,会对人体健康构成潜在风险。采用混凝沉淀-UF-NaClO消毒组合工艺作为二级出水的深度处理工艺,探究该组合工艺对条件致病菌(军团菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鸟分枝杆菌)和大肠杆菌的去除效能,并以再生水景观回用(划船游湖、孩童玩水、叠水花台观赏)作为评价场景,对条件致病菌进行健康风险评价和参数不确定性因素的敏感性分析。结果表明:混凝沉淀-UF-NaClO消毒组合工艺对水中3种条件致病菌及大肠杆菌的去除效果较好,去除率均能达到98%以上,但出水中的大肠杆菌浓度与3种条件致病菌之间不存在显著相关性,其含量不能够完全地指示3种条件致病菌的含量。二级出水经组合工艺处理后回用于城市景观休闲活动中,3种条件致病菌的单次感染概率较低,对人体健康的安全保障率可达70.9%~100%。敏感性分析结果表明:3种暴露途径中感染军团菌和鸟分枝杆菌的年健康风险值均受年暴露频率(f)的不确定性影响最大;划船游湖、孩童玩水两种暴露途径中感染铜绿假单胞菌的年风险值受暴露体积(v)和铜绿假单胞菌浓度(C)的不确定性影响较大。综上,混凝沉淀-UF-NaClO组合工艺可有效控制二级出水中的条件致病菌的浓度,回用于景观休闲活动中的微生物健康风险较低。Reclaimed water reuse is an important way to solve the water crisis,but the presence of a large number of conditionally pathogenic bacteria in the secondary effluent of wastewater plants poses a potential risk to human health.The combined coagulation-precipitation-UF-NaClO disinfection process was used as a deep treatment process for secondary effluent to investigate the efficacy of the combined process in removing conditionally pathogenic bacteria(Legionella,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Mycobacterium avium) and Escherichia coli,and the reclaimed water landscape reuse(boating and lake tour,children playing in the water,stacked water flower platform viewing) was used as an evaluation scenario to evaluate the health risk of conditionally pathogenic bacteria and the sensitivity analysis of parameter uncertainty factors was performed.The results show that the combined coagulation-precipitation-UF-NaClO disinfection process has a good effect on the removal of three conditional pathogens and Escherichia coli in the water,and the removal rate can reach more than 98%,but there is no significant correlation between the concentration of Escherichia coli and the three conditional pathogens in the effluent,and its content can not completely indicate the content of the three conditional pathogens.The single infection probability of the three conditionally pathogenic bacteria in the secondary effluent treated by the combined process and reused in urban landscape recreational activities is low,and the safety guarantee rate for human health can reach 70.9%~100%.The results of sensitivity analysis show that the annual health risk values of infection with Legionella and Mycobacterium avium in all three exposure routes are most influenced by the uncertainty of annual exposure frequency(f).The annual risk values of infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in two exposure routes,boating and children playing in water,are more influenced by the uncertainty of exposure volume(v) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa concentration value(C).In conclusion,the

关 键 词：再生水 深度处理 条件致病菌 超滤 次氯酸钠 风险评价 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]