植物性蛋白质饲料中添加不同类型的复合诱食剂对吉富罗非鱼生长、免疫及肠道消化酶活性的影响  

Effects of Different Kinds of Compound Attractant in Plant Protein Diet on Growth,Immune and Intestinal Digestive Enzyme Activities of Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)

作　　者：李洋 王艳丽 张文静 韩昊君 王震 王纪亭[1] 盛玉春 LI Yang;WANG Yanli;ZHANG Wenjing;HAN Haojun;WANG Zhen;WANG Jiting;SHENG Yuchun(College of Animal Science&Technology,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271000,China;Beijing Green Hengxing Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 102444,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学动物科技学院,泰安271000 [2]北京格林恒兴生物科技有限公司,北京102444

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第8期5309-5321,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目(2019GNC106078);山东省科技发展计划项目(2014GGH210010)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究植物性蛋白质饲料中添加复合诱食剂A(由大蒜素、二甲基-β-丙酸噻亭、氧化三甲胺组成)和复合诱食剂B(由牛磺酸、精氨酸、谷氨酸、丙氨酸、甘氨酸、核苷酸组成)对吉富罗非鱼生长、免疫及肠道消化酶活性的影响。选用健康吉富罗非鱼375尾,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复25尾鱼。对照组饲喂基础饲料,A1和A2组分别在基础饲料中添加0.1%和0.2%的复合诱食剂A,B1和B2组分别在基础饲料中添加0.1%和0.2%的复合诱食剂B。试验期40 d。结果表明:1)A2组的平均日采食量、特定生长率和增重率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),B2组的饲料系数显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。2)A2和B2组的脏体比显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。3)A1、A2、B1和B2组的全鱼粗蛋白质含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。4)A1、A2、B1和B2组的血清甘油三酯含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),A1和A2组的血清总胆固醇含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),A2组的血清溶菌酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),A2组的血清超氧化物歧化酶活性显著高于B1和B2组(P<0.05)。5)B2组采食后1和3 h的前肠蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),采食后3 h的中肠和后肠蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。B1和B2组采食后1 h的中肠淀粉酶活性显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。B2组采食后3 h的前肠脂肪酶活性显著高于A1和B1组(P<0.05)。由此可见,植物性蛋白质饲料中添加0.2%复合诱食剂A可以提高吉富罗非鱼的平均日采食量、特定生长率和增重率,提高血清溶菌酶和超氧化物歧化物酶活性,提高肠道消化酶活性;植物性蛋白质饲料中添加0.2%复合诱食剂B降低了吉富罗非鱼的饲料系数,提高了肠道消化酶活性和全鱼粗蛋白质含量。综合以上指标,复合诱食剂A对吉富罗非鱼健康生长的作用效果优于复合诱食剂B。The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of compound attractant A(composed of alli⁃cin,dimethyl⁃β⁃thiamine propionate and trimethylamine oxide)and compound attractant B(composed of tau⁃rine,arginine,glutamic acid,alanine,glycine and nucleotides)in plant protein diet on growth,immune and intestinal digestive enzyme activities of genetically improved farmed tilapia(GIFT).A total of 375 healthy GIFT were randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates per group and 25 fish per replicate.Fish in the con⁃trol group were fed a basal diet,fish in A1 and A2 groups were basal diets supplemented with 0.1%and 0.2%compound attractant A,respectively;and fish in B1 and B2 groups were basal diets supplemented with 0.1%and 0.2%compound attractant B,respectively.The experiment lasted for 40 days.The results showed as fol⁃lows:1)the average daily feed intake,specific growth rate and weight gain rate of A2 group were significant⁃ly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05),and the feed coefficient of B2 group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).2)The viscerosomatic index of A2 and B2 groups was signifi⁃cantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).3)The whole fish crude protein content of A1,A2,B1 and B2 groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).4)The serum triglyceride content of A1,A2,B1 and B2 groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),the serum total cholesterol content of A1 and A2 groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),the serum lysozyme activity of A2 group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the serum superoxide dismutase activity of A2 group was significantly higher than that of B1 and B2 groups(P<0.05).5)The foregut protease activity after feeding 1 and 3 h of B2 group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the midgut and hindgut protease activity after feeding 3 h was significantly higher than that of th

关 键 词：吉富罗非鱼 复合诱食剂 生长 免疫 消化酶活性 

分 类 号：S963.73[农业科学—水产养殖]