丙酸对杂交狼尾草青贮品质及微生物区系的影响  

Effects of Propionic Acid on Silage Quality and Microbial Community of Hybrid Pennisetum Silage

作　　者：周燚 张娟 刘一佳 凌文卿 李珏 阳伏林 周晶 ZHOU Yi;ZHANG Juan;LIU Yijia;LING Wenqing;LI Jue;YANG Fulin;ZHOU Jing(College of Animal Sciences(College of Bee Science),Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;China National Engineering Research Center of Juncao Technology,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学动物科学学院(蜂学学院),福州350002 [2]福建农林大学国家菌草工程技术研究中心,福州350002

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第8期5404-5417,共14页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42075116);福建农林大学杰出青年科研人才计划项目(xjq201817);福建省科技特派员后补助项目(2022S2071)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同浓度丙酸对杂交狼尾草青贮营养品质、发酵品质及有氧暴露后发酵指标和微生物数量的影响,并筛选出适宜的丙酸浓度再进行微生物多样性分析。各组杂交狼尾草青贮中丙酸浓度分别为0(对照组,CK组)、0.1%(T_(1)组)、0.5%(T_(2)组)和1.0%(T_(3)组)。青贮60 d后测定杂交狼尾草青贮营养品质、发酵品质、有氧暴露后发酵指标及微生物数量,参考各指标和隶属函数法筛选出适宜浓度丙酸组(PA组),分析其微生物多样性。结果表明:1)青贮60 d后,与CK组相比,T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)组的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)含量显著增加(P<0.05),T_(2)、T_(3)组的水溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量显著增加(P<0.05),T_(1)、T_(2)组的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量显著降低(P<0.05),T_(2)、T_(3)组的乳酸(LA)含量显著升高(P<0.05),T_(2)、T_(3)组的pH和乙酸(AA)、丁酸(BA)含量及氨态氮/总氮显著降低(P<0.05)。2)在有氧暴露期间,与CK组相比,T_(2)、T_(3)组有氧暴露0、3、6、9 d的pH显著降低(P<0.05),T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)组有氧暴露0、3、9 d的LA含量显著升高(P<0.05),T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)组有氧暴露0、3、6、9 d的氨态氮含量显著降低(P<0.05),T_(2)、T_(3)组有氧暴露6、9 d的乳酸菌(LAB)数量显著降低(P<0.05),T_(2)、T_(3)组有氧暴露0、3、6、9 d的酵母菌数量显著降低(P<0.05),T_(2)、T_(3)组有氧暴露6、9 d的好氧菌(AB)数量显著降低(P<0.05)。3)T_(2)组的综合价值评定值最高。4)在门水平上,杂交狼尾草青贮的优势菌门为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria);在属水平上,杂交狼尾草青贮的优势菌属为乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)和代尔夫特菌属(Delftia)。与CK组相比,PA组的厚壁菌门相对丰度降低,变形菌门相对丰度升高;PA组的乳杆菌属、魏斯氏菌属(Weissella)和肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)相对丰度降低,代尔夫特菌属相对丰度提高。综上所述,添加适宜浓�This experiment aimed to study the effects of different concentrations of propionic acid on the nutri⁃tional quality,fermentation quality and fermentation indexes and microbial number after aerobic exposure of hybrid Pennisetum silage,and selected the appropriate concentration of propionic acid for microbial diversity a⁃nalysis.The propionic acid concentrations of hybrid Pennisetum silage in each group were 0(control group,CK group),0.1%(T_(1) group),0.5%(T_(2) group)and 1.0%(T_(3) group),respectively.After 60 days of si⁃lage,the nutritional quality,fermentation quality and fermentation indexes and microbial number after aerobic exposure of hybrid Pennisetum silage were measured,selected the appropriate propionic acid group(PA group)by referring to various indexes and membership function method,and analyzed its microbial diversity.The results showed as follows:1)after 60 days of silage,compared with the CK group,the dry matter(DM)and crude protein(CP)contents of T_(1),T_(2) and T_(3) groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),the water soluble carbohydrate(WSC)content of T_(2) and T_(3) groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),the neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)contents of T_(1) and T_(2) groups were significantly de⁃creased(P<0.05),the lactic acid(LA)content of T_(2) and T_(3) groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the pH and acetic acid(AA),butyric acid(BA)contents and ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen of T_(2) and T_(3) groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05).2)During aerobic exposure,compared with the CK group,the pH at aerobic exposure 0,3,6 and 9 days of T_(2) and T_(3) groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05),the LA content at aerobic exposure 0,3 and 9 days of T_(1),T_(2) and T_(3) groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),the ammonia nitrogen content at aerobic exposure 0,3,6 and 9 days of T_(1),T_(2) and T_(3) groups was sig⁃nificantly increased(P<0.05),the lactic acid bacteria(LAB)number at aerobic exposure 6 and 9 days of T_(2) and T_(3) groups was s

关 键 词：丙酸 杂交狼尾草 发酵品质 有氧暴露 微生物多样性 

分 类 号：S816.53[农业科学—饲料科学]