中国阿尔泰山西部表土花粉研究  

Study on the surface pollen of western Altay Mountains,China

作　　者：姚付龙 王新晨 王晓彤 杨海军 YAO Fulong;WANG Xinchen;WANG Xiaotong;YANG Haijun(College of Biology and Geography/Institute of Resource and Ecology,Yili Normal University,Yining 835000,China)

机构地区：[1]伊犁师范大学,生物与地理科学学院/资源与生态研究所,伊宁835000

出　　处：《生态科学》2023年第5期213-222,共10页Ecological Science

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2022D01C457);伊犁师范大学校级科研计划重点项目(2022YSZD006);国家自然科学基金项目(41961013)。

摘　　要：阿尔泰山是个完整的自然地域综合体,自然地理要素垂直地带性分异显著,对花粉搬运、沉积、保存有较大影响。根据对中国阿尔泰山西部53个表土样品花粉谱特征分析,基于植物群落样方物种调查结果,运用聚类分析和主成分分析方法,探讨了该区域表土花粉与现代植被分布的对应关系。研究表明(1)阿尔泰山西部表土花粉组合与现代植被分布基本一致,各植被带均存在特有的花粉组合,荒漠草原带蒿属—藜科—禾本科—麻黄属组合优势明显,草原灌丛带以禾本科—蒿属—蔷薇科—藜科组合为主,山地森林带表现为云杉属(或云杉属+冷杉属)—桦木属—蔷薇科—禾本科—莎草科组合,亚高山灌丛带以桦木属—禾本科—柳属—莎草科组合为主,高山草甸带表现为唇形科—禾本科—桦木属—蔷薇科—莎草科组合。聚类分析可将各植被带准确鉴别开,主成分分析表明湿度是影响其分布的主导因素。(2)云杉属、冷杉属、蔷薇科、桦木属、柳属、豆科、麻黄属、禾本科、蒿属、藜科、菊科、唇形科、莎草科、唐松草属含量高、变化幅度大,为该区域主要的表土花粉类型。其中,云杉属、桦木属代表性较好,禾本科、冷杉属、莎草科代表性较低,藜科、蒿属具超代表性。花粉含量高低除自身因素外,某些科(属)还可能与保存条件有关。The Altay Mountains in China comprise an complete natural geographical complex.Its vertical zonation of natural geographical elements is significant and influences pollen transportation,deposition,and preservation.Based on the analysis of the pollen assemblages of 53 surface samples from the western Altay Mountains and species investigations in plant communities,the relationship between surface pollen and modern vegetation distribution in this region was determined using cluster and principal component analysis.The results showed that(1)The pollen assemblages in the surface soil of the western Altay Mountains were consistent with the distribution of modern vegetation,with unique pollen assemblages in each vegetation zone.Artemisia-Chenopodiaceae-Poaceae-Ephedra,Poaceae-Artemisia-Rosaceae-Chenopodiaceae,Picea(Picea+Abies)-Betula-Rosaceae-Poaceae-Cyperaceae,Betula-Poaceae-Salix-Cyperaceae,and Labiatae-Poaceae-Betula-Rosaceae-Cyperaceae pollen assemblages dominated the desert steppe,steppe scrub,mountain forest,subalpine shrub,and alpine meadow vegetation zones,respectively.Cluster analysis identified each vegetation zone accurately,and principal component analysis showed that humidity was the primary factor that controlled their distribution.(2)Picea,Abies,Rosaceae,Betula,Salix,Leguminosae,Ephedra,Poaceae,Artemisia,Chenopodiaceae,Compositae,Labiatae,Cyperaceae,and Thalictrum were the main pollen types in the western Altay Mountains,Picea and Betula were representative of this area,while Poaceae,Abies,and Cyperaceae were less.Chenopodiaceae and Artemisia were strongly representative.In addition to its own factors,pollen content may also be related to preservation conditions.

关 键 词：表土花粉 植物群落 聚类分析 主成分分析 阿尔泰山 新疆 

分 类 号：Q914.5[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]