重特大海上交通事故情景分析与救援装备配置策略研究  

Research on scenario analysis of major and catastrophic maritime traffic accidents and configuration strategy of rescue equipment

作　　者：杨立波[1,2] 陈兵 孙金莹[1,2] 刘胜利 YANG Libo;CHEN Bing;SUN Jinying;LIU Shengli(Transport Planning and Research Institute,Ministry of Transport,Beijing 100028,China;Laboratory of Transport Safety and Emergency Technology,Beijing 100028,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部规划研究院,北京100028 [2]交通安全应急技术实验室,北京100028

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2023年第8期172-177,共6页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：交通运输战略规划政策研究项目(2019-20-1)。

摘　　要：为提升重特大海上交通事故应急救援能力,结合重特大海上交通事故现状以及事故特征及主观、客观致因分析,提出重特大海上交通事故风险情景。基于情景-应对理论,从重特大海上交通事故发生、发展、演变、终结4个阶段特征和应对要求,提出应急救援装备配置策略。研究结果表明:重特大海上交通事故情景包括深远海交通事故、大规模人员伤亡、大吨位船舶沉没、大面积船舶污染等4种类型,应急救援装备配置需求包括船舶动态远程感知系统、深远海快速搜救飞机、大规模人命救生船舶、大吨位深水打捞装备、大面积污染处置装备等。研究结果可为我国海上交通安全应急领域规划编制和装备建设提供参考。In order to improve the emergency rescue capability of major and catastrophic maritime traffic accidents,combined with the current situation of major and catastrophic maritime traffic accidents,as well as the characteristics of accidents and the analysis of subjective and objective causes,the risk scenarios of major and catastrophic maritime traffic accidents were proposed.Based on the scenario-response theory,the configuration strategies of rescue equipment were proposed according to the characteristics and response requirements of the occurrence,development,evolution and termination stages of major and catastrophic maritime traffic accidents.The research results showed that the scenarios of major and catastrophic maritime traffic accidents include four types such as deep-sea traffic accidents,mass casualties,large tonnage shipwreck and large-area ship pollution.The configuration demands of emergency rescue equipment include ship dynamic remote sensing system,deep-sea fast search and rescue aircrafts,large-scale life-saving vessels,large-tonnage and deep underwater salvage equipment,and large-area pollution disposal equipment.The research results can provide reference for the maritime traffic safety and emergency planning and equipment construction in China.

关 键 词：海上交通 重特大事故 情景-应对 应急救援 

分 类 号：X951[环境科学与工程—安全科学]