马克思恩格斯城乡关系思想及其在乡村振兴战略中的实践发展  

Marx and Engels’Thought on Urban-Rural Relationship and Its Practical Development in Rural Revitalization Strategy

作　　者：石正瑀 SHI Zhengyu

机构地区：[1]复旦大学 [2]上海对外经贸大学国际经贸创新与治理研究院,上海201620

出　　处：《上海师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第4期93-101,共9页Journal of Shanghai Normal University(Philosophy & Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：马克思恩格斯城乡关系思想形成自他们对资本主义私有制历史发展过程的探索,其中城乡分离被视为工商业个体所有者脱离土地所有者统治的最初体现,其理论意义在于个体所有制的独立化。以此为界,城乡关系的既往演化过程被划分为“城市乡村化”和“乡村城市化”两个阶段,前者意味着在土地私有制的发展过程中公社制度的解体,后者意味着在资本主义私有制的形成过程中自然共同体的解体。虽然马克思恩格斯深刻揭示了城乡关系演化过程的科学原理,但他们关于城乡融合的构想同样受到了现代工业模式的历史局限。乡村振兴战略基于我国农业农村具体实际与中华农耕文明历史底蕴,突破了现代工业模式下的农业农村发展路径,是马克思恩格斯城乡关系思想在新时代实践发展的重要体现。Marx and Engels’thought on urban-rural relations was formed from their exploration of the historical development process of capitalist private ownership,in which the separation of urban and rural areas was regarded as the initial embodiment of the separation of individual owners of industry and commerce from the rule of landowners,and its theoretical significance lies in the independence of individual ownership.Taking this as the boundary,the past evolution of urban-rural relations can be divided into two stages:“urban ruralization”and“rural urbanization”.The former implies the disintegration of the commune system in the developing process of private ownership of land ownership,and the latter means the disintegration of the natural community in the forming process of capitalist private ownership.Although Marx and Engels profoundly revealed the scientific principles of the evolution process of urban-rural relations,their conception of urban-rural integration was also historically limited by the modern industrial models.Based on the specific reality of China’s agriculture and rural areas and the historical heritage of Chinese farm⁃ing civilization,rural revitalization strategy breaks through the path of agricultural and rural development under the modern indus⁃trial model,and is an important embodiment of Marx and Engels’thought on urban-rural relations in the practical development of the new era.

关 键 词：城乡分离 城市乡村化 乡村城市化 乡村振兴 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]