新疆4种锦鸡儿属植物种子生活力和萌发对积雪下埋放的响应  

Responses of seed viability and germination in four Caragana species when buried in soil under snow cover in Xinjiang

作　　者：帕如扎·哈力木拉提 赵晓英[1,2] 成鹏 Halmurat·Paruza;Zhao Xiao-Ying;Cheng Peng(College of Life Sciences,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830054,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology,Urumqi 830054,China;Urumqi Meteorological Bureau,Urumqi 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学生命科学学院,乌鲁木齐830054 [2]新疆特殊环境物种保护与调控生物学实验室,乌鲁木齐830054 [3]乌鲁木齐市气象局,乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《植物科学学报》2023年第4期513-520,共8页Plant Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42067068);新疆高校重点项目(XJEDU2019I020)。

摘　　要：种子贮藏之后的生活力和萌发能力取决于贮藏期间的环境和种子特性。季节性积雪通过补充水源、调节近地表温度、湿度等条件而影响土壤中种子的生活力和萌发能力。本文以新疆野生准噶尔锦鸡儿(Caragana soongorica Grub.)、特克斯锦鸡儿(C.tekesiensis Y.Z.Zhao&D.W.Zhou)、刺叶锦鸡儿(C.acanthophylla Kom.)和荒漠锦鸡儿(C.roborovskyi Kom.)种子为对象,通过模拟积雪覆盖和室内萌发实验,研究了4种植物在雪下贮藏近5个月后种子的生活力和萌发能力。结果显示:与无积雪覆盖相比,积雪覆盖下准噶尔锦鸡儿种子的生活力丧失最多,达36%,刺叶锦鸡儿和荒漠锦鸡儿下降不到3%,特克斯锦鸡儿无明显变化。积雪覆盖下4种锦鸡儿的种子萌发率为37%~84%,与无积雪覆盖的差异不显著。积雪覆盖使刺叶锦鸡儿和荒漠锦鸡儿少部分种子在野外提前萌发。建议刺叶锦鸡儿和荒漠锦鸡儿在初冬下雪前播种,而准噶尔锦鸡儿和特克斯锦鸡儿可于次年春季播种。The viability and germination capacity of seeds after storage depends on the environment and seed characteristics during storage.Seasonal snow cover affects seed viability and germination ability in soil by supplementing water sources and regulating near-surface temperature and humidity.In this study,the viability and germination ability of seeds of wild Caragana soongorica Grub.,C.tekesiensis Y.Z.Zhao&D.W.Zhou,C.acanthophylla Kom.,and C.roborovskyi Kom.from Xinjiang were studied through simulated snow cover and indoor germination experiments after nearly 5 months storage under snow.Compared to their respective viabilities with no snow cover,results demonstrated a 36%decline in seed viability for C.soongorica and a 3%decline in seed viability for C.acanthophylla and C.roborovskyi under snow cover,while C.tekesiensis remained unaffected.The germination rates of the four Caragana species under snow cover ranged from 37%to 84%,which was not significantly different from that without snow cover.Under snow cover,some C.acan-thophylla and C.roborovskyi seeds germinated early in the field.Thus,it is recommended to sow C.acantho-phylla and C.roborovskyi before snowfall in early winter,while C.soongorica and C.tekesiensis can be sown in the spring of the following year.

关 键 词：积雪覆盖 种子生活力 种子萌发 锦鸡儿属 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]