裙带菜配子体与孢子体的附生微生物群落组成分析  

Composition of Epiphytic Microbial Communities in Gametophytes and Sporophytes of Undaria pinnatifida

作　　者：李昱倩 单体锋[1] 逄少军 LI Yuqian;SHAN Tifeng;PANG Shaojun(CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所、中国科学院实验海洋生物学重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2023年第5期219-230,共12页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(42176100);中国科学院战略生物资源能力建设项目(KFJ-BRP-017-27);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-50)共同资助。

摘　　要：裙带菜(Undaria pinnatifida)是一种重要的大型褐藻,具有较高的经济和食用价值。藻类的附生微生物既能通过代谢产物调控宿主藻类的生长发育,特定条件下又可能导致病害。了解裙带菜附生微生物群落组成对研究裙带菜与附生微生物间的相互作用、种质资源的有效保存以及防治藻类病害等有重要意义。现有研究大多集中于海带和紫菜,关于裙带菜的附生微生物,特别是不同生活史的对比研究还很少。本研究通过16S rRNA基因高通量测序发现,裙带菜配子体和孢子体的附生细菌群落组成有明显差异,配子体样品中的细菌群落丰度和多样性均大于孢子体。配子体中变形菌门(Proteobacteria)(66.67%)为第一优势菌门,其次为拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)(13.48%)和蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)(11.13%),α-变形菌纲(Alphaproteobacteria)(34.58%)为第一优势菌纲,其次为γ-变形菌纲(Gammaproteobacteria)(31.01%);而孢子体中蓝细菌门(95.67%)占绝对优势,其次为放线菌门(Actinobacteria)(1.65%)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)(1.48%)。裙带菜样品经18S rRNA基因测序检测出链形植物(Streptophyta)、纤毛虫门(Intramacronucleata)、担子菌门(Basidiomycota)、顶复亚门(Apicomplexa)、节肢动物门(Arthropoda)、硅藻门(Bacillariophyta)、脊索动物门(Chordata)、腹毛动物门(Gastrotricha)、子囊菌门(Ascomycota)和毛霉菌门(Mucoromycota),其中,担子菌门、子囊菌门和毛霉菌门属于真菌,孢子体的真核微生物群落丰度大于配子体。本研究确定了裙带菜配子体和孢子体附生微生物群落组成以及不同细菌和真核微生物的相对丰度,结果表明,2个世代之间存在显著差异,为后续研究藻类宿主与微生物之间的相互作用、提高海带目褐藻种质保存技术提供了基础的数据支持。Undaria pinnatifida is a brown alga with high economic value.Its annual production is second only to Saccharina japonica among economically important brown algae in China.Due to climate change and increased cultivation density,the occurrence of diseases in cultivated seaweeds has become more frequent and serious in recent years.Most diseases are directly or indirectly related to the interactions between the seaweed host and the epiphytic microorganisms such as bacteria.There is a close relationship between algae and epiphytic microorganisms.When the phycosphere niche maintains a dynamic balance,the two rely positively on each other growing and developing together.When the balance is disturbed,the structure of the epiphytic microbial community may change,possibly resulting in algal diseases.The absence of certain microbes may also lead to the failure of key biological processes such as the morphogenesis of the host algae.Therefore,understanding the composition of the epiphytic microbial community is of great significance for the study of the interaction between U.pinnatifida and epiphytic microorganisms and the better control of U.pinnatifida diseases.In addition,stock resources of U.pinnatifida are usually conserved in the form of gametophytes,which can persist for a long time under controlled conditions.Hence,understanding the composition of the epiphytic microbial community will also facilitate the development of efficient conservation methods and help remove microbial contaminations when axenic cultures need to be established.The life history of U.pinnatifida consists of the alternation between heteromorphic macroscopic sporophytes and microscopic gametophytes.The stark morphological and physiological differences between these two phases suggest that the composition of epiphytic microbial communities between them is likely different.However,studies on the composition of epiphytic microbial communities,especially comparison studies between sporophytes and gametophytes in U.pinnatifida are limited.The advent of

关 键 词：裙带菜 附生微生物 高通量测序 孢子体 配子体 

分 类 号：S917.1[农业科学—水产科学]