移植相关人群对异种肾移植的态度及影响因素  

Attitudes and influencing factors of transplantation-related populations towards kidney xenotransplantation

作　　者：徐莹 陈佳弘 何松哲 李涛 齐津浩 王毅[1,2,3] Xu Ying;Chen Jiahong;He Songzhe;Li Tao;Qi Jinhao;Wang Yi(International School of Public Health and One Health,Hainan Medical University,Haikou 570100,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]海南医学院公共卫生与全健康国际学院,海口570100 [2]海南医学院第二附属医院肾移植科 [3]海南医学院移植医学研究所

出　　处：《器官移植》2023年第5期683-690,共8页Organ Transplantation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82260154);海南省科技厅重大科技计划项目(ZDKT2019009);海南医学院研究生创新科研课题(HYYS2021A14)。

摘　　要：目的调查移植相关人群对于异种肾移植的态度及影响因素。方法2022年6月至2023年1月,对等待肾移植患者、肾移植术后患者、患者家属及医学生进行分层随机抽样,每个群体抽取400名,共1600名进行自制问卷调查。分析受访者的一般资料、对异种肾移植的态度及不能接受异种肾移植的原因。分析受访者对异种肾移植态度的影响因素。结果共回收有效问卷1493份,回收有效率93.31%。能接受同种异体肾移植手术的占93.10%;知晓异种肾移植的占66.78%。795名受访者表示“在异种肾移植与同种异体肾移植有着相同结果及风险时”能接受异种肾移植;698名表示“不能”或“不确定”能否接受异种肾移植(χ^(2)=16.409,P=0.001)。698名表示“不能”或“不确定”能否接受异种肾移植的受访者中,在不符合同种异体肾移植的条件下,愿意接受异种肾移植的占10.9%;如果与同种异体肾移植相比,异种肾移植有着更小的风险及更好的预后的条件下,愿意接受异种肾移植的占35.8%;如果与同种异体肾移植相比,异种肾移植等待时间更短,愿意接受异种移植的占21.2%;如果与同种异体肾移植相比,异种肾移植花费更少,愿意接受异种肾移植的占24.5%。受访者不能接受异种肾移植的主要原因为担心手术风险及担心其他未知风险。多因素分析结果显示,长期居住在城镇的受访者、能接受同种异体肾移植的受访者、知晓异种肾移植的受访者对异种肾移植态度更积极。结论不同移植相关人群对异种肾移植态度存在差别,总体态度良好。积极推进异种肾移植的研究、开展相关科普教育有利于提高公众对异种肾移植的接受度。Objective To investigate the attitudes and influencing factors of transplantation-related populations towards kidney xenotransplantation.Methods From June 2022 to January 2023,stratified random sampling was performed from patients awaiting kidney transplantation,patients after kidney transplantation,patients'relatives and medical students.Four hundred subjects were collected from each population and 1600 subjects were investigated using a self-designed questionnaire.Baseline data of the respondents,their attitudes towards kidney xenotransplantation and the reasons of rejecting kidney xenotransplantation were analyzed.The influencing factors of attitudes towards kidney xenotransplantation were also identified.Results A total of 1493 valid questionnaires were collected,and the questionnaire retrieval rate was 93.31%.About 93.10%of the respondents accepted allogeneic kidney transplantation,and 66.78%had heard of kidney xenotransplantation.Seven hundred and ninety-five respondents suggested that they could accept kidney xenotransplantation"when kidney xenotransplantation and allogeneic kidney transplantation yielded the same results and risks".Six hundred and ninety-eight respondents indicated that they were"unable"or"uncertain"whether they could accept kidney xenotransplantation(χ^(2)=16.409,P=0.001).Among these 698 respondents,the proportion of them who were willing to accept kidney xenotransplantation when they did not meet the conditions of allogeneic kidney transplantation was 10.9%.About 35.8%of respondents were willing to accept kidney xenotransplantation if it yielded less risk and better prognosis compared with allogeneic kidney transplantation.If the time of awaiting kidney xenotransplantation was shorter than that of allogeneic kidney transplantation,21.2%were willing to accept kidney xenotransplantation.If the cost of kidney xenotransplantation was less than that of allogeneic kidney transplantation,24.5%of them were willing to accept kidney xenotransplantation.The main reasons of rejecting kidney xenotr

关 键 词：异种移植 肾移植 器官捐献 器官短缺 患者家属 医学生 态度 终末期肾病 

分 类 号：R617[医药卫生—外科学] R19[医药卫生—临床医学]