异种移植中猪内源性逆转录病毒的传播  

Transmission of porcine endogenous retrovirus in xenotransplantation

作　　者：余一凡 宋佳华 宋相钦 李涛 江建 白云昊 王毅[1] Yu Yifan;Song Jiahua;Song Xiangqin;Li Tao;Jiang Jian;Bai Yunhao;Wang Yi(Transplantation Institute,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University,Hainan 570216,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]海南医学院第二附属医院移植研究所,海口570216 [2]南华大学附属第二医院泌尿外科

出　　处：《器官移植》2023年第5期754-759,共6页Organ Transplantation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82260154);海南省卫生计生行业科研项目(20A200360);海南省科技厅自然科学基金(820RC766);海南医学院2021年度研究生创新科研课题(HYYS2021B0)。

摘　　要：器官移植是治疗各类终末期疾病最有效的手段,为了解决器官移植中供体短缺的问题,人们开始探究异种移植的可能。猪是异种器官移植常见的供体来源之一,猪器官作为连接两个物种间的桥梁,其携带的病毒有可能在物种间传播并存在引起人畜共患病的风险。猪内源性逆转录病毒(PERV)整合在基因组中,是一种跨物种传播的逆转录病毒。本文介绍了PERV传播特性的影响因素、PERV及其重组病毒的传播风险以及异种移植试验中PERV的检测与传播风险评估,以期为缓解器官移植供体严重短缺的现状,推动异种移植技术的发展提供参考。Organ transplantation is the most effective treatment for various types of end-stage diseases.To resolve the problem of donor shortage in organ transplantation,the possibility of xenotransplantation has been gradually explored by surgeons.Pig is one of the common donor sources for xenotransplantation.As a bridge between two species,the viruses carried by pig organs may be transmitted between species and cause the risk of zoonosis.Porcine endogenous retrovirus(PERV)is integrated into the genome,which is a category of retrovirus featuring cross-species transmission.In this article,the influencing factors of transmission characteristics of PERV,the transmission risk of PERV and its recombinant virus,and the detection and transmission risk assessment of PERV in xenotransplantation test were reviewed,aiming to provide reference for alleviating severe shortage of donor organs and driving the advancement of xenotransplantation technologies.

关 键 词：异种移植 猪内源性逆转录病毒 器官短缺 转基因 传播特性 人畜共患病 免疫缺陷 感染 

分 类 号：R617[医药卫生—外科学] Q527.5[医药卫生—临床医学]