电力线路串联故障电弧高频特征机理研究  

Study on the Mechanism of High Frequency Pulse Characteristics of the Series Arc Fault in Power Lines

作　　者：张海 刘宗杰 吴泳恩 韩建伟 秦昆 ZHANG Hai;LIU Zongjie;WU Yongen;HAN Jianwei;QIN Kun(State Grid Jining Power Supply Company,Jining 272000,China)

机构地区：[1]国网山东省电力公司济宁供电公司,山东济宁272000

出　　处：《山东电力技术》2023年第8期35-41,共7页Shandong Electric Power

基　　金：国网山东省电力公司科技项目“输电线路隐性缺陷劣化机理分析及调控智能辅助决策技术研究”(520600200R4)。

摘　　要：电力线路因导线接触不良等原因引起的串联故障电弧不易熄灭且难以检测,产生的高温容易引发火灾等次生灾害。为应对串联电弧故障稳态电流小导致检测困难的问题,电弧高频故障特征受到广泛关注及应用,但是该故障特征的产生机理尚不明确。针对该问题,建立故障电弧数值模型分析电弧特性,分析发现阴极斑点的动态变化过程是直流电弧产生高频特征的主要原因之一。针对现有电弧模型将阴极表面过程视为稳定变化而无法表征其高频特征的问题,考虑阴极斑点的动态变化过程,利用阴极斑点半径尺寸的变化模拟阴极斑点的动态变化过程,建立计及热电子发射新边界条件的模型。仿真和实测波形对比证明所建电弧模型及发现的电弧高频特征的正确性。The series fault arc caused by poor wire contact and other reasons in power lines is difficult to extinguish and detect,and the generated high temperature can easily lead to secondary disasters such as fires.In order to deal with the problem that the steady state current of the series arc fault is small,which leads to the difficulty of detection,the arc high-frequency fault feature is widely concerned and applied,but the mechanism of the fault feature is still unclear.A fault arc numerical model was established.It is found that the dynamic change process of cathode spots is one of the main reasons producing the high-frequency characteristics after fault.However,the traditional arc model regards the cathode surface process as a stable change and cannot characterize its high-frequency characteristics.The dynamic change process of the cathode spot was simulated by using the change of the radius size of the cathode spot,and a model considering the new boundary conditions of hot electron emission was established.The comparison of the simulation and metered experimental waveforms proves the correctness of the proposed arc model and the founded arc high frequency characteristics.

关 键 词：串联电弧故障 数值模拟 高频脉冲 阴极斑点 

分 类 号：TM501.2[电气工程—电器]