63.2 K以下的深度过冷液氧制备研究  

Study on preparation of deep supercooled liquid oxygen below 63.2 K

作　　者：张春伟 柴栋栋[1] 马军强[1] 陈静[1] 李山峰[1] Zhang Chunwei;Chai Dongdong;Ma Junqiang;Chen Jing;Li Shanfeng(Beijing Institute of Aerospace Testing Technology,Beijing 100074,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航天试验技术研究所,北京100074

出　　处：《低温工程》2023年第4期30-37,85,共9页Cryogenics

基　　金：国防科工局技术基础科研项目(JSJC2013203A001);北京市科技计划项目(Z191100004719003)。

摘　　要：采用深度过冷方式对液氧推进剂进行致密化能够显著提升密度并增加显冷量,然而当前国内系统制备的过冷液氧温度均在70 K以上,致密化提升效果有限。鉴于此,设计和搭建了基于减压冷却原理的深度过冷氧制备系统,拟将液氧温度过冷至液氮三相点温度63.2 K以下,并分析采用不同低温介质时的液氧推进剂降温特性。结果表明,当以液氮为低温介质时,液氧推进剂在98 min内就可冷却至65.4 K;当以液氧为低温介质时,液氧推进剂降温速率相对较慢,需要大约350 min才可达到65.4 K,但继续进行抽空减压后,液氧推进剂温度可降至61.8 K;同时,在绝热工况下,致密化液氧能较好地维持过冷状态,方便后续的输运和应用。Densification of liquid oxygen propellant by deep supercooling can significantly in-crease the density and the sensible cooling capacity.However,the temperature of supercooled liq-uid oxygen prepared by the current domestic experimental systems is all above 70K,and the densi-fication improvement effect is limited.In view of this,a deep supercooled oxygen preparation sys-tem based on the decompression cooling principle was designed and built.The temperature of liq-uid oxygen propellant was intended to be supercooled to the triple point temperature of liquid ni-trogen below 63.2 K,and the cooling characteristics of liquid oxygen propellant were analyzed when different cooling media are used.The results show that when liquid nitrogen is used as the cooling medium,the liquid oxygen propellant can be cooled to 65.4 K within 98 min.When liquid oxygen is used as the cooling medium,the cooling rate of liquid oxygen is relatively slow,and it takes nearly 350 min to reach 65.4 K.However,the temperature of liquid oxygen can be cooled to 61.8K after continuous decompression.At the same time,under the adiabatic condition,the den-sified liquid oxygen can maintain the supercooled state better,which is convenient for subsequent transport and application.

关 键 词：液氧 液氮 致密化 深度过冷 抽空 

分 类 号：TB661[一般工业技术—制冷工程]