北暖温带地区油松人工林天然发育恢复过程中的植被群落动态  

Vegetation community dynamics during naturalized developmental restoration of Pinus tabulaeformis plantation in North warm temperate zone

作　　者：Zhenlu Qiu Mei Zhang Kefan Wang Fuchen Shi 

机构地区：[1]College of Life Sciences,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China

出　　处：《Journal of Plant Ecology》2023年第4期78-92,共15页植物生态学报（英文版）

摘　　要：本研究旨在揭示人工林在天然发育的恢复过程中其植物群落结构、多样性、种间关系和稳定性的变化特征。这种人工林的恢复过程依靠其与天然树种的交互作用实现,而不依赖于人为管理措施。在本研究中,依据油松(Pinus tabulaeformis)种群盖度占样方内乔木层盖度的比例,将八仙山国家级自然保护区的人工林天然发育序列划分为油松林、混交林和近自然3个典型阶段,并选择地域性天然次生林作为对照。以乔木层每木检尺数据为依据,重点关注群落的动态变化,包括群落结构、多样性、稳定性等方面。研究结果表明,在油松人工林天然发育的恢复过程中:(i)从混交林阶段开始形成稳定的优势种群组成,α多样性提高。(ii)乔木层径级结构由钟型向倒‘J’型转变,表明种群更新、发育状态良好。(iii)优势种群中胡桃楸(Juglans mandshurica)、蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)、栓皮栎(Quercus variabilis)及紫椴(Tilia amurensis)的生态位宽度增加,但槲树(Quercus dentata)种群的生态位宽度在其发挥了先锋树种的作用之后下降。(iv)负关联和高生态位重叠(Levins生态位重叠指数>0.5)种群对比例下降。总之,保护区内的油松人工林在与天然树种交互作用的群落发育过程中促进了种群的更新和发育以及人工林群落的健康恢复,同时群落内的种间关系也在积极调整。本研究结论可以为揭示人工林群落天然发育过程中的动态变化特征提供有价值的参考。The study is to explore the dynamics of community structure,diversity,interspecific relationships and stability during naturalized developmental vegetation restoration which realized by natural interaction between plantation and native trees without human’s involvement.The naturalized developmental restored forests in Baxianshan National Reserve were divided into three typical stages(i.e.Pinus tabulaeformis forest stage,mixed forest stage and near-natural forest stage)according to the ratio of P.tabulaeformis coverage to arbor layer,and the zonal natural secondary forests for control.According to the data of each wood gauge,we focused on the dynamics of community in terms of structure,diversity and stability.We found that,(i)The composition of dominant populations kept stable since the mixed forests stage and theα-diversity increased with restoration;(ii)The diameter class structure of tree layer exhibited a tendency of bell-shaped type toward inverted J-type,indicating an active regenerating and developmental status;(iii)Niche width of dominant populations such as Juglans mandshurica,Quercus mongolica,Quercus variabilis and Tilia amurensis increased during restoration,while that of Quercus dentata population decreased after playing a pioneer role;(iv)The proportion of negative association and high niche overlapped population pairs(>0.5)both decreased with restoration.In summary,naturalized developmental restoration has promoted the actively developing and regenerating of populations and improved the healthy restoration of plantation community.The status and interrelationships of populations were still being adjusted.The results provide a reference for revealing the dynamic characteristics of vegetation community development in naturalized developmental restoration of plantations.

关 键 词：天然发育恢复 人工林 优势种群 生态位宽度 生态位重叠 种间联结 群落稳定性 群落 结构 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学]